| A | B |
|---|
| cardiovascular (546) | "cardio' means "heart" and "vascular" means "vessel". |
| cardiovascular system (546) | the body system that works to transport materials to and from your cells. |
| blood (546) | a connective tissue made up of 2 types of cells(red blood cells "RBCs" & white blood cells "WBCs"), cell parts("platelets") and "plasma"(the liquid portion) |
| plasma (546) | the fluid part of the blood... it is a mixture of water, minerals, nutrients, sugars, proteins, and other substances- RBCs and WBCs float in it. |
| red blood cell (RBC) (546) | most abundant cells in blood-contains the protein "hemoglobin" which makes it very "attracted" to oxygen-the shape of the RBC gives it a "large surface area" for carrying oxygen- made in the bone marrow- recycled in the spleen - loses the nucleus shortly after being made, so it lives only about 4 months. |
| hemoglobin (546) | protein in RBCs that give them their color, and makes them very "attractive" to the oxygen you inhale. |
| white blood cell (WBC) (547) | defend the body against "pathogens" and helps to clean wounds- release "antibodies" which help destroy pathogens- made in the bone marrow and live for about 10 days. |
| pathogen (547) | an agent that causes disease- includes certain types of bacteria, viruses, fungi, protists, and worms. |
| platelets (547) | pieces of larger cells found in the bone marrow that have been "pinched off" and have entered the blood-important factors in creating a blood clot to help "plug" a bleeding area to reduce blood loss- they release chemicals that react with proteins in the plasma to form "fibers" to create a "blood clot"- live about 5-10 days. |
| human heart (548) | a four-chambered muscular organ that pumps blood through cardiovascular vessels- about the size of your fist- beats about 100,800 times a day! |
| atrium (548) | one of two "upper chambers" of the heart |
| ventricles (548) | one of two "lower chambers" of the heart |
| valves (548) | "flap-like" structures that close to prevent blood from going BACKWARDS. |
| arteries (549) | blood vessels that carry blood AWAY FROM THE HEART- have thick elastic walls-the "AORTA" is the largest one in your body. |
| veins (549) | blood vessels that carry blood TO THE HEART- contain "valves" to prevent blood from going BACKWARDS. |
| capillaries (549) | smallest blood vessels in your body- walls only 1 CELL THICK- blood cells must pass through IN SINGLE FILE!-they connect the smallest arteries to the smallest veins- their simple structure allows nutrients, oxygen, and other substances to DIFFUSE easily through them. |
| pulmonary circulation (550) | circulation of blood BETWEEN YOUR HEART AND YOUR LUNGS. |
| systemic circulation (550) | circulation of blood between THE HEART AND THE REST OF THE BODY. |
| blood pressure (551) | the force exerted by blood on the inside walls of a blood vessel- reported in mm of Hg (mercury)- "normal" is about 120/80. |
| systolic pressure (551) | the TOP number in the blood pressure reading- tells the pressure INSIDE LARGE ARTERIES WHEN THE "VENTRICLES" CONTRACT. |
| diastolic pressure (551) | the BOTTOM number in the blood pressure reading- tells the pressure INSIDE LARGE ARTERIES WHEN THE "VENTRICLES" RELAX. |
| pulse (549) | the rhymic change in blood pressure |
| blood type (552) | refers to the type of CHEMICALS FOUND ON THE SURFACE OF YOUR RBSs ("antigens") and the CHEMICALS IN THE PLASMA("antibodies")- four types A, B, AB, and O. |
| universal donor (552) | a person with TYPE "O" BLOOD-has NO "antigens" on the RBCs surface. |
| universal recipient (552) | a person with TYPE "AB" blood- has BOTH "A" and "B" "antigens" on the RBCs surface, so NO ANTIBODIES are made. |
| antigen (552) | specific chemical found on the surface of your RBCs. |
| antibodies (552) | a specific protein chemical found IN THE PLASMA OF YOUR BLOOD...the body makes "antibodies" AGAINST THE "ANTIGENS" THAT ARE NOT ON ITS OWN RBCs. |
