| A | B |
|---|
| peninsula | Landmass surrounded by water on 3 sides |
| Po River Valley | Located in Gallia, northern Italy. |
| Arno & Tibur River Valleys | Located in Latium, central Italy. |
| Campania | Region in Southern Italy, very fertile volcanic soil. |
| Gauls | Germanic people located in Gallia. |
| Hill Peoples (Sabines, Oscans, Samnites) | Pre-agricultural, nomadic shepards that raided settlements west of the Appenine Mts. |
| Latins | Lived in the Tibur River Valley in Latium. |
| Alps | Mountain range that seperates Italy from Europe. |
| Etruscans | Conquered the Latins and imposed their Monarchy on them. |
| Greeks | Had colonies in Southern Italy and Sicily. Influenced the Etruscans. |
| Aeneas | Legendary Trojan Hero, leaves Troy and eventually settles in Italy. |
| Vergil | Wrote the Aeneid. |
| Romulus and Remus | Legendary descendents of Aeneas. |
| Romulus | According to legend, founded Rome in 783 BCE |
| Tarquinius the Elder | Etruscan King, began construction of the Roman Forum. |
| Servius Tullius | Etruscan King, establishes the Centuriate Assembly |
| Tarquin | Etruscan family that provides many kings for Rome. |
| Junius Brutus | Defeats the forces of Servius Tullius, makes Rome a republic. |
| Patrician | Land owning families, wealthy, only class orignially eligible for public office and the Senate. |
| 30% and 70% | Patrician % of total population and the % of the wealth they controlled. |
| Plebeians | Lower class of Roman society, had no representation in early Roman government. |
| "Struggle of the Orders" | Event that occured when the Plebs went on strike in order to gain representation in govt and the right to run for office. |
| Senate | Oldest legislative body, only member of Patrician class, controlled govt finance and foreign policy. |
| Centuriate Assembly | Military org. steadily declined in power until it had none. |
| Tribal Assembly | Open to Plebeians, had authority over domestic issues. |
| Consuls | Two elected every year, had veto power and sacrosanctitas. Shared military and executive authority. |
| Praetors | Elected 2 per year, in charge of various domestic affairs. |
| Aediles | Petty bureaucrats, |
| Tribunes | Protectors of the Plebeian class. Eventually elected 10 per year. |
| Censor | 1 elected every 5 yrs. Usually the most respected man in Rome. Prosecuted Senators accused of corruption. |
| Pontifex Maximus | Elected for life term. Chief priest of Roman State religion. |
| Dictator | Elected for a 6 month term in times of crisis. |
