| A | B |
|---|
| TEXTURE | The size, shape, and pattern of a rock's grains. |
| IGNEOUS ROCK | A type of rock that forms from the cooling of molten rock at or below the surface. |
| SEDIMENTARY ROCK | A type of rock that is formed from sediments or pieces of other rock or the remains of plants and animals that are pressed and cemented together. |
| METAMORPHIC ROCK | A type of rock that forms from an existing rock that is changed by underground heat, pressure, or water. |
| SEDIMENT | Small, solid particles of material from rocks or organisms, which are moved by water or wind, resulting in erosion and deposition. |
| EROSION | The process by which water, ice, wind, or gravity moves fragments of rock and soil. |
| CORAL REEF | A structure of calcite skeletons built up by coral animals in warm, shallow ocean water. |
| ATOLL | A ring-shaped coral island found far from land. |
| ROCK CYCLE | The process by which rocks change to form new rocks. The changes can be caused by many things, including heat, rain and snow, and underground pressure. |
| CONGLOMERATE | A type of rock formed from rounded pieces of other rock. |
| CRUST | The hard, outside layer of the earth. |
| DULL | Not bright or shiny; not able to reflect light. |
| FORMATION | A pattern or shape. |
| FOSSIL | Remains or traces of an organism that lived long ago that are preserved in earth. |
| GEM | A precious stone that has been cut and polished. Rubies and diamonds are examples of these. |
| GEOLOGIST | A scientist who studies rocks and minerals to learn more about the history of our earth. |
| GLASSY | Shiny and smooth. |
| HARDNESS | A property of a mineral. It is tested by scratching a mineral with different objects. The harder the mineral, the more difficult it is to scratch. |
| LAVA | Melted rock that erupts out of a volcano. |
| LUSTER | A property of a mineral. It is described by how the mineral reflects light. |
| MAGMA | Melted rock that is underground. |
| MAGNETISM | The abilty to attract iron or metal. |
| MINERAL | A solid substance found in nature that has distinctive properties, such as a crystal form. |
| MOHS SCALE | A system used to determine the hardness of minerals. |
| OPAQUE | Not able to let light pass through. |
| PHYSICAL PROPERTY | A characteristic of an object that can be studied through the senses. |
| PROPERTY | Something about an object that helps tell what it is. |
| ROCK | Material found in nature that may be made up of one or more minerals; clay, sand, and other earth materials; and fossils. |
| SCRATCH | To cut or scrape. |
| SEDIMENT | Pieces of rocks, minerals, and organic materials that are carried by wind, water, or ice. |
| STREAK TEST | A test used to determine the identifying color of a mineral. |
| TRANSLUCENT | Able to let some light pass though. |
| TRANSPARENT | Clear; able to let light through. |
| VOLCANO | An opening in the earth's crust through which lava, gases and other materials can flow. |
| WAXY | Looking like wax; dull. |
| WEATHER | To age and break down as a result of the effects of wind, rain, and ice. |
| CRYSTAL | A solid substance that has a definite shape or pattern. |
