| A | B |
|---|
| cell wall | the thick covering of a plant cell made from nonliving fibers that protects the cell |
| cell membrane | a thin, living cell covering that lets water, food, and gases in and out of the cell |
| nucleus | the cell part that controls activities of other cell parts |
| vacuole | storage sacs in a cell that help push against the cell wall and keep it stiff |
| ctyoplasm | the jellylike fluid between the cell membrane and nucleus that vacuoles float in |
| chloroplast | the green cell part that traps sunlight which is used to make sugar for food |
| root hairs | threadlike cells that grow from a plant root and take in water and minerals from the soil |
| transpiration | a process through which plants lose water through tiny openings in the underside of their leaves |
| stomata | openings in a leaf through which gases and water enter and leave |
| chlorophyll | the green material in plants that absorbs energy from sunlight |
| photosynthesis | the process by which plants make sugar from sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide |
| respiration | the process by which cells change sugar and oxygen into carbon dioxide and water, thereby releasing energy |
| fertilization | joining of a sperm to an egg cell to form a seed |
| pollination | the first step in fertilization, during which pollen moves from a stamen to a pistil |
| conifer | a plant that produces seeds in cones |
| spore | a tiny cell that can grow into a new plant |
| bulb | an underground stem that grows fleshy storage leaves |
