| A | B |
|---|
| Alps | Europe’s highest mountains, extending in an arc from the Mediterranean coast to the Balkan Peninsula |
| Apennine Mountains | A mountain range on the Italian peninsula |
| Byzantine Empire | The name by which the eastern half of the Roman Empire became known some time after A.D. 400 |
| Carthage | An ancient city on the north coast of Africa |
| Colosseum | A large stadium in ancient Rome where athletic events took place |
| Constantinople | A city established as the new eastern capital of the Roman Empire by the emperor Constantine in A.D. 300, now called Istanbul |
| Forum | The city market and meeting place in the center of ancient Rome |
| Gaul | An ancient region and Roman province that included most of present-day France |
| Latium | A plain on the west coast of Italy on which the city of Rome was built |
| Palestine | Region in southwest Asia that became the ancient home of the Jews; the ancient Roman name for Judea; in recent times, the British protectorate that became Israel in 1947 |
| Pantheon | A large, domed temple built in ancient Rome to honor many gods and goddesses |
| Pompeii | An ancient city in southwestern Italy that was buried by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in A.D. 79 |
| Rome | The former center of both ancient Roman Republic and the Roman Empire; capital of present-day Italy |
| Sicily | An island in the Mediterranean Sea off the southwest tip of the Italian peninsula |
| Tiber River | A river flowing southward from north-central Italy across the Latium plain, and into the Tyrrhenian Sea |
| Zama | Site in northern Africa where the Roman army defeated the Carthaginian army in 202 B.C |
