| A | B |
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| An energy source with a low EROI will cause little environmental damage. | What does the EROI (energy returned on energy invested) tell us about a potential energy source? |
| Which mining creates the greatest environmental damage? | Mountaintop removal and the strip mining of coal cause more damage, including habitat destruction, mine acid pollution, and siltation of streams. Deep mining does produce mine acid, but it does not load streams with silt or destroy large areas of forestland |
| Which best describes the way that the United States has dealt with the insecurity caused by foreign oil dependence? | diversifying oil imports |
| The U.S. and other industrialized nations devote the greatest proportion of their oil use to _______. | Two-thirds of the U.S. oil use goes to transportation, with half of that going into passenger cars. |
| Which of the following descriptions of primary extraction is accurate? | Primary extraction may leave as much as two-thirds of the total oil deposit below ground. |
| Which of the following was NOT an energy conservation measure enacted in the 1970s? | mandatory establishment of nuclear power plants to replace coal-burning power plants |
| The use of coal for uses other than heating _______. | was recorded thousands of years ago by Native Americans |
| Which of the following is a renewable energy source? | , , hydro, solar |
| The debate over the drilling in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR) has resulted because _______. | The amount of damage is underestimated by some and overestimated by others. The 1970s debate over the Alaskan pipeline was similar. |
| Which fossil fuel is produced as a by-product that occurs when bacteria decompose organic material under anaerobic conditions? | methane |
| The location and size of fossil fuel deposits _______. | are estimated by a number of geological techniques including seismology and drilling narrow rock cores |
| How does the burning of coal contribute to acid rain? | Burning coal releases sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides. |
| The use of natural gas was limited during the nineteenth century because _______. | technology did not exist to extract large amounts of gas and pipe it safely over long distances |
| Which of the following was NOT a response of the United States to the OPEC embargo? | The U.S. government imposed a heavy import tariff on foreign oil to pay for the U.S. military presence that kept the oil shipping lanes open. |
| What is "Hubbert's peak"? | A prediction, based on rates of extraction and new discovery, of when a country's or global oil production will be at a maximum and then start to fall. |
| Organic matter that is compressed under high pressure to form solid carbon structures is _______. | coal |
| View the animation on global warming. Hit the button labeled "See Table." The right-hand column shows the increase in CO2 over the last 250 years. Most of this CO2 is from the burning of fossil fuels which are made of large amounts of carbon and hydrogen. What was the original source of the carbon that is being released when fossil fuels are burned? | Plant and animal material buried 100-150 million years ago that underwent anaerobic decomposition and then high pressures and temperatures. |
