| A | B |
| adage | a proverb, wise saying |
| bonanza | a rich mass of ore in a mine; something very valuable |
| churlish | lacking politeness or good manners; lacking sensitivity |
| citadel | a fortress that overlooks and protects a city |
| collaborate | to work with, work together |
| decree | to issue such an order, to command firmly or forcefully |
| discordant | disagreeable in sound, different, conflicting |
| evolve | to develop gradually; to rise to a higher level |
| excerpt | a passage taken from a book, article, to quote |
| grope | to feel about hesitantly with the hands; to search blindly |
| hover | to float or hang suspended over; to move back and forth |
| jostle | to bump, shove, brush against; to push |
| laggard | a person who moves slowly or falls behind; |
| plaudits | applause;cheers |
| preclude | to make impossible,prevent |
| revert | to return,go back |
| rubble | broken stones or bricks;ruins |
| serville | of or relating to a slave; lacking spirit or independence |
| vigil | a watch, especially at night |
| wrangle | to quarrel or argue, a noisy quarrel |