| A | B |
|---|
| Sound | ___ is produced by the vibration of an object. |
| air | When an object vibrates, it makes the surrounding ___ particles vibrate in all directions. |
| sound waves | All sound is carried through matter as ___. |
| away from | All sound waves move ___ their source, and the energy is spread over a large area. |
| softer | The farther you are from the source of a sound, the ___ the sound will be. |
| solids, liquids, and gases | Sound waves can move through ___. |
| faster | Sound travels ___ through solids and liquids than it does through air. |
| Loudness | ___ is the measure of the amount of sound energy reaching your ears. |
| If you use more energy to make the vibration, you will get a louder sound. | How can you change the loudness of a sound? |
| Pitch | ___ is the measure of how high or low a sound is. |
| how fast the source of the sound is vibrating | Pitch depends on ___. |
| higher | The faster something vibrates, the ___ the pitch. |
| If you make the vibrating object shorter, you would hear a higher pitched sound. If you make the vibrating object longer, you would hear a lower pitched sound. | How can you change the pitch of a sound? |
| speed of sound | the speed at which a sound wave travels through a given material |
| Sound can’t travel in space, because there are no air particles to vibrate. | Why can’t astronauts talk in space? |
| echo | An ___ is a sound reflection. |
| smooth, solid | Echoes bounce, or reflect, off of ___, ___ surfaces. |
| echolocation | Dolphins and bats use ___ to find their way around their surroundings and to find food. |
| sonic boom | the shockwave caused by something moving faster than the speed of sound |
