| A | B |
| Pony Express | service that used a relay of riders to deliver mail |
| telegraph | device that sends messages through wires using electricity |
| transcontinental railroad | railroad that crossed a continent |
| time zone | region in which one standard of time is used |
| standard time | time set by law for all places in a time zone |
| pioneer | early settler of a region |
| Homestead Act | law offering free land to people willing to start farms on the Great Plains |
| homesteaders | settlers who claimed land on the Great Plains |
| sodbuster | Great Plains farmer who had to cut through thick grass to plant crops |
| exoduster | name for African American pioneers who moved to the Great Plains |
| technology | use of new ideas to make tools that improve people's lives |
| climograph | graph that shows the average temperature and precipitation for a place over time |
| cattle drive | method cowboys used to move large herds of cattle north |
| gold rush | sudden movement of many people to an area where gold has been found |
| entrepreneur | person who starts a new business hoping to make a profit |
| reservation | land set aside by the government for Native Americans |
| Battle of Little Bighorn | Lakota victory over U.S. soldiers on June 25, 1876 |