| A | B |
| absolute | The location of a point on the Eartht's surface which can be expressed by a grid reference |
| absolute monarchy | A system of governmnet headed by a monarch as the only source of power controlling all functions of the state |
| artifact | A material object of a culture such as a tool, an article of clothing or a prepared food. |
| B.C.E. | Before the Common Era (also referred to as B.C) |
| barter | The trade of goods and services for other goods and services without the use of money |
| benefit | That which is received as an improvement or advantage as the result of a decision |
| bicameral | Composed of two legislative chambers |
| Bill of Attainder | A legislative act that inflicts punishment upon a person or group without a judicial trial |
| C.E. | In the Common Era (also referred to as A.D.) |
| capital good | A resource consisitng of human made marterials needed to produce goods and services. |