| A | B |
|---|
| Phoebe of Cenchreae | 1st visiting nurse, 1st deaconess in the church |
| Fabiola | wealthy Roman matron, gave care to the sick |
| Empress Flacilla | wife of Claudius Antonius, assisted the handicapped |
| Appollo | Egyptian god of medicine |
| Hippocrates | translated teachings into a textbook of medicine, "Father of Medicine", study of medicine became more scientific |
| Socrates - Plato - Aristotle | Greek physicians, believed Hippocrates |
| Knights Hospitalers | Order of Monks with red cross as symbol, cared for the sick during Crusades |
| hospice | early places for sick as well as travelers & homeless, early found was St. Francis of Assisi |
| Daughters of Charity | religious group founded by St. Vincent de Paul & Louise deMarrillac |
| Hotel Dieu - Lyons | 542 AD - early hospital founded by religious groups |
| Hotel Dieu - Paris | 650 AD - early hospital founded by religious groups |
| Santo Spirito - Rome | 717 AD - early hospital founded by religious groups |
| Charles Dickens | novelist who depicted nurses as "Sairey Gamp" & "Betsey Prig" in Martin Chuzzlewit - 1844 |
| Ignaz Semmelweis | 1st antiseptic methods in obstretrics |
| Kaiserwerth Deaconess Institution | 1st established school of nursing, founded in Germany in 1836 by Theodor Fliedner |
| Theodor Fliedner | founded 1st school of nursing - Germany - 1836 - Kaiserwerth Deaconess Institution |
| Florence Nightingale | 1820-1910 - founder of modern nursing - graduated from Kaisewerth in 1851 - Crimean War nurse - "Lady with the Lamp" - believed that nursing was an art & a science - opened the Nightingale School in 1860, a modern school of nursing |
| Ella King Newsom | Nightingale's counterpart in the American Confederate Army, trained in Memphis |
| International Red Cross | founded in Switzerland in 1864, 16 countries agreed |
| Clara Barton | founded American Red Cross in 1881 - "Angel of the Battlefield" |
| Dorothea Lynde Dix | 1st US Army Nurse, appointed Superintendent of Women Nurses for all Military Hospitals, worked with mentally ill after Civil War ended |
| Linda Richards | graduated as the first trained nurse in the United States |
| Isabel Hampton Robb | advocated licensure for nurses to protect the patients - 1889 reforms advocated for schools of nursing - founded the American Journal of Nursing |
| Mary Adelaide Nutting | continued reforms begun by Robb, created the first collegiate nursing program at Columbia University, formed the International Council of Nurses |
| Lillian Wald | founded Henry Street Settlement in New York City, beginning of public health nursing in the US |
| Mary Eliza Mahoney | 1st African-American nurse in the US |
| Annie Goodrich | began the Army School of Nursing in 1918 - granted officer's rank to nurses |
| "Great Trio" | Nutting, Wald, Goodrich -- credited with helping the rapid development in nursing from 1891 - 1940 |
| Ballard School | 1st Practical Nursing School - 1893 - New York, 3 month prgrm., caring for elderly, children & invalids |
| Thompson School | Brattleboro, Vermont - 1907 - school for Practical Nursing |
| Household Nursing Association School of Attendant Nursing -- HNASAN | Boston - 1907, taught home nursing skills, housekeeping & nursing |
| National League of Nursing - NLN | system of standardization or requirements for practical nursing - est 1917 |
| Association of Practical Nurse Schools | 1941 - in 1942 membership was opened to practical nurses and name was changed to the National Assoc. for Practical Nurse Education (NAPNE) - In 1951, began the "Journal for Practical Nursing". Name changed in 1959 to National Association for Practical Nurse Education and Services (NAPNES) |
| National Federation of Licensed Practical Nurses | NFLPN - 1949 - official membership organization for licensed practical nurses |
| National League for Nursing - Council of Practical Nursing Programs | 1957 - helped establish & maintains high-quality within the schools of practical nursing - set up competencies of graduates of practical nursing schools |
