| A | B |
|---|
| FUNCTIONS OF BONE | SUPPORTS AND GIVES SHAPE TO THE BODY (2) PROTECTS INTERNAL ORGANS (3) HELPS MAKE MOVEMENTS POSSIBLE (4) STORES CALCIUM (5) HEMOPOIESIS OR BLOOD CELL FORMATION |
| TYPES OF BONES | LONG, SHORT, FLAT, IRREGULAR |
| LONG | ex. HUMERUS (UPPER ARM) |
| SHORT | ex. CARPALS (WRIST) |
| FLAT | ex. CLAVICLE (COLLARBONE) |
| IRREGULAR | VERTEBRAE (SPINAL COLUMN) |
| DIAPHYSIS | SHAFT OF LONG BONE |
| CONTAINS BONE MARROW | MEDULLARY CAVITY |
| ENDS OF LONG BONES | EPIPHYSIS (CONTAINS RED MARROW) |
| FOUND INBETWEEN JOINTS | ARTICULAR CARTILAGE TO ALLOW FOR REDUCED FRICTION |
| HARD OUTER COVERING OF BONE | PERIOSTEUM |
| SPONGY BONE | FOUND IN EPIPYSIS, ABSORBS SHOCK |
| TRABECULAE | NEEDLELIKE THREADS OF BONE THAT MAKE UP SPONGY BONE |
| COMPACT BONE | GROWS THICKER AS THE BONE GROWS LONGER |
| HAVERSIAN SYSTEM/CANALS | FOUND IN COMPACT BONE, ALLOWS BLOOD VESSELS TO PASS IN/OUT OF BONE |
| CARTILAGE | CELL TYPE CALLED CHRONROCYTE, MATRIX IS GEL LIKE AND LACKS BLOOD VESSELS |
| OSSIFICATION | CHANGING OF CARTILAGE TO BONE |
| OSTEOBLASTS | BONE BUILDERS OF BONE |
| OSTEOCLASTS | DESTROYS THE MATRIX OF BONE |
| DIVISIONS OF THE SKELETON | AXIAL, APPENDICULAR |
| AXIAL SKELETON | SKULL, SPINE, THORAX, HYOID BONE |
| APPENDICULAR SKELETON | UPPER EXTREMITIES, INCLUDING SHOULDER GIRDLE, AND LOWER EXTREMITIES INCLUDING HIP GIRDLE |
| DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MALE AND FEMALE SKELETON | SIZE, SHAPE OF PELVIS, SIZE OF PELVIC UNIT, PUBIC ANGLE |
| FEMALE PELVIS | WIDE AND SHALLOW PELVIS |
| MALE PELVIS | PELVIS DEEP AND NARROW |
| KINDS OF JOINTS | SYNARTHROSES, AMPHIARTHROSES, DIARTHROSES |
| SYNARTHROSES | NO MOVEMENT--FIBROUS CONNECTIVE TISSUE GROWS BETWEEN ARTICULATING BONES FOR EXAMPLE SUTURES OF SKULL |
| AMPHIARTHROSES | SLIGHT MOVEMENT--CARTILAGE CONNECTS ARTICULATING BONES, FOR EXAMPLE, SYMPHYSIS PUBIS |
| DIATHROSES | FREE MOVEMENT--MOST JOINTS BELONG TO THIS CLASS |
| STRUCTURES OF FREELY MOVABLE JOINTS | JOINT CAPSULE AND LIGAMENTS HOLD ADJOINING BONES TOGETHER BUT PERMIT MOVEMENT AT JOINT |
| SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE | LINES JOINT CAPSULE AND SECRETES LUBRICATING FLUID |
| TYPES OF FREELY MOVABLE JOINTS | BALL AND SOCKET, PIVOT, SADDLE, GLIDING AND CONDYLOID |
