| A | B |
|---|
| vigilantes | people who took the law into their own hands enforcing "Frontier Justice" |
| sod busters | nickname given to Plains Farmers who had to break through the thick layer of earth to reach rick soil |
| Dawes Act | Law that made Indians give up nomadic lifestyle and begin farming on reservations |
| Long Drive | movement of cattle herds from TX northward to RR lines in Kansas |
| Dry farming | Method of farming that keeps moisture in the ground by turning over the soil |
| Fort Laramie Treaty | 1st major aagreement between US Gov't and the Plains Indians that sought to keep peace between settlers and indians |
| Boom town | Communities that grew suddenly when a gold or silver mine opened |
| round up | when cowboys gathered cattle together |
| long walk | 300 mile march of Navajo Indians from Arizona to a reservation in New Mexico |
| Ghost town | A town that was abandoned after a nearby mine was depleted |
| Battle of the Little Big Horn | Last major victory for Plains Indians against US troops. Crazy Horse and Sitting Bull wiped out General Custers cavalry. |
| Wallowa Valley | Where the Nez Perce lived before fleeing for Canada rather than go to a reservation, near Washington and Idaho. |
| Nomadic | Lifestyle of Plains Indians who travel in search of food. |
| Importance of the buffalo | Gave Plains Indians food, clothing, shelter, and fuel. |
| "Pikes Peak or Bust" | Slogan used by miners going to Colorado for gold. |
| Centennial State | Nickname for Colorado, it became a state in 1876, the 100th birthday of the US |
| Gold Rushes | When many people went to a place where gold was found out West (CA, ID, MT, CO) |
| Frontier Justice | Quick, harsh punishment carried out by vigilantes against criminals out West. |
| Pony Express | system of delivering mail out West on horseback messengers. |
| Homestead Act | Law that gave settlers 160 Acres of land for free if they lived on it for 5 years. |
