| A | B |
|---|
| What motivated migration into California? | gold rush (1849) |
| What motivated migration into Nevada? | silver mines |
| Which act was passed to promote farming on the Great Plains? | Homestead Act (1862) |
| What was established by the Morrill Land Grant Act (1862)? | colleges and universities |
| Which groups of people labored to build the transcontinental railroads? | immigrants (Irish & Chinese) |
| What internal improvement linked western farms and ranches to eastern cities? | transcontinental railroad |
| What was the most important factor that led to the settlement of the West after the Civil War? | completion of the transcontinental railroad |
| How did cattlemen bring Texas longhorns to railroad shipping centers? | cattle drives |
| What invention ended the era of open range and cattle drives? | barbed wire |
| What resource did the nomadic lifestyle of the Plains Indians depend on? | buffalo |
| Where did the government force tribes to live to remove Indians from lands desired by new settlers? | reservations |
| Which battle resulted in a victory by Sioux and Cheyenne warriors over General George Armstrong Custer? | Battle of the Little Bighorn |
| List examples of American Indian leaders who tried to resist being forced onto the reservations. | Sitting Bull, Crazy Horse, Gernimo (also may say Chief Joseph, others) |
| Which massacre ended the loss of life caused by conflict between the government and American Indians? | Wounded Knee (1890) |
| What act divided Indian lands to begin a policy of assimilation? | Dawes Act |
| What federal Indian policy was begun under the Dawes Act? | assimilation/"Americanization" |
| What was the U.S. government's Indian policy in the 1860s-1870s? | removal to reservations |
| What was the primary hardship for farmers in the West? | falling crop prices > debt |
