| A | B |
| Jean Piaget | provided a theory, based on observations, of cognitive development |
| Mary McLeod Bethune | noted African-American leader and founder of southern black college |
| Friedrich Froebel | founded the first kindergarten |
| Maria Montessori | created innovative methods and practical materials that are widely used in today’s early childhood education programs |
| Sylvia Ashton-Warner | developed innovative strategies for teaching children to read, including the “key vocabulary” system |
| Emma Hart Willard | advocated increased educational opportunities for women |
| Horace Mann | led the Common School Movement |
| B. F. Skinner | advocated breaking learning down into manageable small steps and using rewards to reinforce learning |
| John Dewey | advocate of progressive education |