| A | B |
| The Silk Road | The bubonic plague or "Black Death" came along this route from Asia. |
| Urbanization | The movement of people from rural areas to cities. |
| City-state | A city which has its own government, like a country. |
| Printing press | Made possible the sharing of "pamphlets" and spreading ideas. |
| Feudal system | Crumbled as a result of the bubonic plague killing serfs. |
| Oligarchy | Government where a family is in power. |
| Islam | The religion that brought mathematics from India. |
| Vernacular | The language of the people, not the classics. |
| Classics | Roman, Greek, and Hebrew texts. |