| A | B |
|---|
| additive inverse | A number and its opposite. Added together their sum is zero. |
| area | The number of unit squares needed to cover a given surface. |
| ascending order | Increasing list of numbers or objects. |
| associative property | Changing the grouping of addends or factors does not change the sum or product. Grouping doesn't matter when adding or multiplying. |
| benchmark values | A point of reference from which measurements may be made. |
| biased sample | A sample that does not fairly represent the population. |
| coefficient | The number that is multiplied by the variable in an algebraic expression. |
| collinear points | Points that lie on the same line. |
| commutative property | The property that states that two or more numbers can be added in any order without changing the sum. (a+b=b+a) |
| complementary angles | Two angles whose measures add to 90 degrees. |
| compound inequality | A combination of more than one inequality. ( a < x < b) |
| constant relationship | slope |
| coordinate plane | A plane formed by the intersection of a horizontal number line called the x-axis and a vertical number line called the y-axis. |
| correlation/trend | The relationship between two or more objects that are matched. |
| corresponding parts | Matching sides or angles in a polygon. |
| cube | A number raised to the third power. |
| cylinder | A three-dimensional figure with two parallel, congruent circular bases connected by a curved lateral surface. |
| decreasing | Values that range from greatest to least. |
| dependent variable | y value of a function |
| descending order | Decreasing list of numbers or objects. |
| distributive property | The property that states if you multiply a sum by a number, you will get the same result if you multiply each addend by that number and then add the products. |
| domain | The set of all possible input values - the independent variable in a function. For functions in x and y, the possible x values are the domain. |
| enlargement | An image larger than the original figure, scale factor is greater than one. |
| equal | = |
| equation | A mathematical sentence that shows that two expressions are equivalent. |
| estimation | An answer that is close to the exact answer and is found by rounding or other method to find such an answer. |
| extraneous information | Additional information found in a problem that is not needed to solve the problem. |
| find a pattern | A problem solving strategy that requires looking for a pattern to find an answers. |
| function | An input-output relationship that has exactly one output for each input. |
| function notation | The notation used to describe a function. "f of x" f(x)= x+3 |
| function rule | An equation that makes a set of input true for given output. |
| function table | A table of ordered pairs that represent solutions of a function. |
| geometric probability | Probability that involves dimensions such as length, base, area and volume under stated conditions. |
| graph | A picture of the set of ordered pairs that are solutions of an equation. |
| greater than | > |
| guess and test | A problem solving strategy requiring you to make and check various assumptions. |
| hypotenuse | In a right triangle, the side opposite the right angle. |
| identities | An equation that is true for every value of the variable |
| image | A figure resulting from a transformation. |
| increasing | Values that range from least to greatest. |
| independent variable | x value of a function |
| input | The value subtituted into an expression or function. |
| intercepts | Point where the graph of a line crosses either the y-axis or x-axis. |
| intersecting lines | Lines that cross at exactly one point. |
| irrational number | A number that cannot be expressed as a ratio of two integers or as a repeating or terminating decimal. |
| leg | In a right triangle, the sides that include the right angle. |
| less than | < |
| line of best fit | A straight line that comes closest to the points on a scatter plot. |
| linear function | A function whose graph is a straight line. |
| make a diagram/picture | Problem solving strategy that requires you to draw a diagram or picture to find your answer. |
| make a table/chart/graph | Problem solving strategy that requires you to create a graph, chart or table to find your answer. |
| make an organized list | Problem solving strategy that requires you to construct a list to help organized you data. |
| mean | A measure of central tendency using the sum of a set of data divided by the number of items in the data set, also called the average. |
| measures of central tendency | A measure used to describe the middle of a data set; the mean, median and mode are examples. |
| median | A measure of central tendency using the middle number (or mean of the middle two numbers) in an ordered set of data. |
| mode | A measure of central tendeny using the number that occurs the most frequently in a set of data. |
| multiplicative inverse | Also known as the reciprocal; a number multiplied with this has a product of one. |
| negative correlation | Two data sets where if one set of data values increases the other decreases. |
| negative relationship | Two data sets where if one set of data values increases the other decreases. |
| no correlation | Two data sets that have no relationship between their data values. |
| no relationship | Two data sets that have no correlation between their data values. |
| non-linear function | A function whose graph is not a straight line. |
| non-repeating | A decimal that does not show a pattern; an irrational number. |
| non-terminating | A decimal that never ends; an irrational number. |
| number line | A horizontal line containing integers ordered least to greatest. |
| ordered pair | A pair of numbers that can be used to locate a point on a coordinate plane. |
| outlier | A value much greater or much less than the others in a data set. |
| output | The value that results from the substitution of a given input into an expression or function. |
| parallel lines | Lines in a plane that do not intersect. |
| perfect square | A square of a whole number. |
| perimeter | The distance around a polygon. |
| perpendicular lines | Lines that intersect to form right angles. |
| pi | The ratio of the circumference of a circle to the length of its diameter. ? |
| place value | The value of where the digit is in the number, such as units, tens, hundreds, etc. |
| point-slope form | The equation of a line in the form of: y - y1 = m(x - x1); where m=slope & (x1, y1) is a point on the line. |
| positive correlation | Two data sets that increase or decrease together. |
| positive relationship | Two data sets that increase or decrease together. |
| pre-image | A figure prior to transformation. |
| proportion | An equation that states that two ratios are equivalent. |
| Pythagorean theorem | In a right triangle, the square of the length of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares of the lengths of the legs. |
| Pythagorean triple | An three integers that make the Pythagorean theorem true. |
| radical | A square root sign or any other root, like a cube root or fourth root |
| radical expression | Algebraic expression containing a square, cube or any other root. |
| radicand | The expression inside of the radical sign. |
| range | The set of all possible output values of a function - the dependant variable. For functions in x and y, the possible y values are the range. |
| ratio | A comparision of two quantities by division. |
| reduction | An image smaller than the original figure, scale factor is less than one. |
| repeating decimal | A decimal in which one or more digits repeat infinitely. |
| representative sample | A sample that reflects the entire population. |
| right triangle | A triangle containing a right angle. |
| sample | A part of the population. |
| sample size | The number of items taken from a population. |
| scale | The ratio of a given length on a drawing or model to its corresponding length in reality. |
| scale drawings | A drawing that uses a scale to make an object smaller than (a reduction) or larger than (an enlargement) the real object. |
| scale factor | The ratio of the lengths of two corresponding sides of two similar polygons. |
| scaling | Increasing or decreasing the size or appearance of an object. |
| shrink | A reduction or decrease in the size of all dimensions. |
| similar figures | Figures that have the same shape but not necessarily the same size. |
| similarity | Figures that have the same shape but not necessarily the same size. |
| slope | A measure of the steepness of a line on a graph, the rise divided by the run. |
| rate of change | A measure of the steepness of a line on a graph, the rise divided by the run. |
| slope-intercept form | A linear equation written in the form of : f(x) = ax + b, where m=slope and b= y-intercept. |
| solution | Value or values that make an algebraic equation or inequality true. |
| square | A number raised to the second power. |
| square root | One of the two equal factors of a number. |
| standard form | Ax + By = C |
| stretch | An enlargement or increase in the size of all dimensions. |
| representation of multiplication | a x b, a • b, a(b), ab |
| supplementary angles | Two angles whose measures have a sum of 180 degrees. |
| terminating decimal | A decimal number that ends or terminates. |
| transformation | A change in the size or position of a figure. |
| trend line | Another name for a line of best fit. |
| trend/correlation | The relationship between two or more objects that are matched. |
| variable | A symbol used to represent a quantity that can change. |
| volume | The number of cubic units needed to fill a given space. |
| work a simpler problem | Problem solving strategy that requires you to solve a similar, easy problem to find your answer. |
| work backwards | Problem solving strategy that requires you to work problem in a reverse order to find your answer. |
| x-intercept | The x-coordinate of the point where the graph of a line crosses the x-axis. |
| y-intercept | The y-coordinate of thepoint where the graph of a line crosses the y-axis. |
| height | The perpendicular distance from the base to opposite vertex, side or base in a polygon. |
