| A | B |
|---|
| cartography | the science of map making |
| Ptolemy | first to put north at the top of a map |
| latitude | imaginary lines, running east and west around the earth, never meet or cross |
| longitude | imaginary lines that run from the North Pole to the South Pole, touch at the poles |
| parallels | another name for lines of latitude |
| meridians | another name for lines of longitude |
| equator | imaginary line that divides the earth into two equal halves, Northern Hemisphere and Southern Hemisphere |
| prime meridian | line representing 0 degrees longitude |
| international date line | line representing 180 degrees longitude |
| Mercator projection | map projection that shows all parallels and meridians at right angles to each other |
| Polar projection | map projection that are made as if the observer were looking down on the world from the North or South Pole, is circular |
| Conic projection | map projection that is used to show relatively small areas of the world without much distortion of any landmasses, road maps |
| benchmark | bronze marker that identifies places that have been precisely surveyed, shows location and elevation |
| Map scale | shows the relationship between a distance on a map and a distance on the earth |
| verbal scale | map scale that equates two different units, often found on road maps |
| fractional scale | map scale that shows the ratio of a represented distance on a map to the actual distance on the earth's surface |
| graphic scale | map scale that consists of a measured line marked off in specific distances |
| legend | lists of all the symbols used on a map and tells what they represent |
| topographical map | shows the shape of the land with lines |
| contour lines | a pattern of lines used to represent elevation |
| index contours | labeled contour lines |
| hydrological map | shows where surface and underground water is located |
| geological map | use patterns or colors and symbols to show layers of rock at or just below the earth's surface |
| dip | is the angle at which a rock layer is tilted from a horizontal plane |
| strick | the line formed where a rock layer intersects the horizontal plane |
| geomorphology | the study of the earth's forms, or landforms |
| geomorphic provinces | areas with distinctive landforms and topography |
