| A | B |
| overseas trade | the buying and selling of foreign products |
| colonies | countries or areas that are ruled by other countries |
| resources | things that create wealth, such as land and energy |
| alliances | agreements between countries to become allies |
| assassination | the killing of an important person |
| emperor | ruler of a country or countries |
| inventions | completely new things |
| technology | the knowledge and equipment that is used in the making of machines, etc. |
| choking | coughing; gasping for breath |
| blisters | lumps on the skin, filled with liquid, usually caused by burning |
| neutral | not supporting any country or alliance in a conflict |
| unrestricted | without limits |
| cargo ships | ships that carry food and other things |
| supplies | things that people need for daily life |
| starving | very hungry |
| armistice | agreement to stop fighting |
| civilians | people who aren't in the army or navy |
| on the contrary | it's the opposite |
| going on leave | having a rest from fighting |
| look the fact in the face | deal with the reality |
| misgiving | doubt |
| journalist | someone who writes for a newspaper, magazine, television, or radio |
| wound | an injury, especially made by a knife or bullet |
| steamer | ship |
| ward | patients' room |
| fever-racked | having a fever, or high temperature, resulting from sickness |
| fierce | wild |
| lad | boy |
| Austerlitz, Waterloo, Gettysburg, Ypres, Verdun | places where battles were fought in different wars |
| shovel them under | bury them |
| conductor | the person on a train or bus who sells tickets and announces stops |