| A | B |
|---|
| altitude | height above sea level |
| archipelago | chain of islands |
| basin | low lying land area that is surrounded by land of higher elevation |
| bay | part of a body of water that is partly enclosed by land |
| canal | waterway made by people that is used to drain or irrigate land or to connect two bodies of water |
| canyon | deep, narrow valley with high, steep sides |
| cape | narrow point of land that extends into a body of water |
| climate | pattern of weather in a particular place over a period of 20 to 30 years |
| coast | land that borders the sea |
| coastal plain | lowland area lying along the ocean |
| continent | any of seven large landmasses on the Earth's surface |
| continental divide | mountain ridge that separates river systems flowing toward opposite sides of a continent |
| delta | land area formed by soil that is deposited at the mouth of a river |
| desert | area that has little or no moisture or vegetation |
| directional arrow | arrow on a map that always points north |
| downstream | in a direction of a river's flow; toward a river's mouth |
| elevation | the height above sea level |
| fall line | place where rivers drop from a plateau or foothills to a coastal plain, usually marked by many waterfalls |
| foothills | low hills at the base of a mountain range |
| gulf | arm of an ocean or sea that is partly enclosed by land, usually larger than a bay |
| hemisphere | half of the Earth |
| hill | area of raised land that is lower and more rounded than a mountain |
| island | land area that is surrounded by water |
| isthmus | narrow strip of land joining two large land areas or joining a peninsula to a mainland |
| lake | body of water surrounded entirely by land |
| latitude | the distance in degrees north and south from the equator |
| longitude | the distance in degrees east or west from the Prime Meridian |
| marsh | lowland with moist soils and tall grasses |
| mountain | high, steep, rugged land that rises sharply above the surrounding land |
| mountain range | chain of connected mountains |
| mouth of a river | place where a river or stream empties into a large body of water |
| ocean | any of the four largest bodies of salt water on the Earth's surface |
| peninsula | piece of land that is surrounded by water on three sides |
| piedmont | rolling land along the base of a mountain range |
| plain | broad area of fairly level land that is generally close to sea level |
| plateau | large area of natural grassland with few or no trees or hills |
| river | large stream of water that empires |
| sea | large body of salt water that is smaller than an ocean |
| sea level | average level of the ocean's surface from which the height of land or depth of the ocean is measured |
| source of a river | place where a river begins |
| steppe | flat, tireless land with limited moisture |
| strait | narrow channel that connects two larger bodies of water |
| tributary | stream or small river that flows into a larger stream or river |
| upstream | in the direction that is against a river's flow; toward a river's source |
| valley | land that lies between hills or mountains |
| volcano | cone shaped mountain formed by an outpouring of lava-hot, liquid rock-from a crack in the Earth's surface |
| weather | condition of the air at any given time and place |
