| A | B |
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| What is a food chain? | A food chain shows what eats what among the different organisms that live in a habitat. |
| How does a food chain start? | It always starts with a producer, which is an organism that makes food. This is usually a green plant, because plants can make their own food by photosynthesis. |
| How does a food chain end? | A food chain ends with a consumer, which is an animal that eats a plant or another animal. |
| Give an example of a simple food chain. | Grass → cow → human. |
| What is the direction of the arrow in a food chain? | The arrow points to the organism that is doing the eating. |
| How do you describe the first, second and third consumers? | Primary consumer, Secondary consumer, Tertiary consumer. |
| What do you call a consumer that eats plants? | A herbivore. |
| What do you call a consumer that eats other animals? | A carnivore. |
| What do you call a consumer that eats plants and other animals? | An omnivore. |
| What is a predator? | An animal that eats other animals. |
| What is the prey? | The animal that gets eaten by the predator. |
| What is the pyramid of numbers? | The population of each organism in a food chain shown in a bar chart. |
| Where does the producer in the food chain goes in the pyramid of numbers? | At the bottom. |
| What determines the width of the bar? | The number of organisms. The more organisms there are, the wider the bar. |
| What happens to energy as you go up the food chain? | Energy is lost to the surroundings as we go from one level to the next, so there are usually fewer organisms at each level in this food chain. |
| What is a food web? | When several food chains in a habitat are joined together. |
| What are toxic materials in the food chain? | They are poisonous. |
| What happens to toxic materials in the food chain? | Some break down into harmless substances. Others are persistent and do not break down and accumulate in the food chain and damage the organisms in it. |
| Give examples of persistent toxic materials. | Mercury and DDT. |
| What damage can mercury cause? | It damages the nervous systems and reproductive systems of mammals, including humans. |
| What damage can DDT cause? | It accumulates in birds and causes weakness in the eggs they produce, so the chicks die. |
