| A | B |
|---|
| What is the place where an organism lives called? | Its habitat. |
| What are the conditions in a habitat called? | The environment. |
| Give some examples of the physical environment. | Temperature and amount of rainfall. |
| What do you call the characteristics that organism have that allow them to live successfully in their habitat. | Adaptations and we say that the organism is adapted to its habitat. |
| Give some examples of daily changes to the environment. | Change from light and heat to dark and cold, as night falls and change from a high water level to a low water level, in accordance with tides. |
| Give some examples of seasonal changes to the environment. | Change from hot weather in the summer to cold weather in the winter, change from long hours of daylight in the summer to shorter days in the winter, change from lots of vegetation in the summer to bare trees and snow-covered ground in the winter. |
| What do you call the number of a particular species in a habitat? | The population. |
| What do you call all the different species of animals and plants living in a habitat? | A community of organisms. |
| What do you call it when organisms in a community compete for resources? | They are in competition with each other. |
| What do animals compete for? | Food, water, space. |
| What do plants compete for? | Light, water, space, mineral salts. |
| Do plants compete for food? | No, they make their own food using photosynthesis, so they do not compete for food. |
| What is extinction? | A species becomes extinct when there are no more individuals of that species left. |
| What causes a species to become extinct? | A new disease, a new predator, a change in the physical environment, such as a change in the temperature or rainfall, competition from another species that is better adapted, including competition from humans. |
| How do human beings compete with animals and plants? | Using land for farms to grow crops (competing for food, water, space and mineral salts), building towns and cities for us to live in (competing for space and light), catching fish at sea (competing for food). |
| What affect does human activity have on the populations of other species? | They usually cause a decrease in the population of other species, including causing some species to become extinct. |
| Give of examples of how human beings damage the environment? | Cutting down forests, acid rain from burning fossil fuels, overfishing (catching so many fish that the species may become extinct). |
| What do you call trying to limit the changes caused by human activities on the environment? | Sustainable development. |
| What is sustainable development? | Making sure that any change in the environment for the benefit of people causes the minimum of damage to other species, and leaves sufficient natural resources to provide for everyone into the future. |
| Give some examples of sustainable development. | Creating nature reserves, where animals and plants are protected from human activities such as hunting and building houses, reducing pollution, such as acid rain, by using less fossil fuel, and by using filters and catalytic converters in cars, protecting populations of fish, by setting fishing quotas, which limit the number of fish that can be caught. |
