| A | B |
| Plebeians | The poor, common people of Rome |
| The Law of the Twelve Tablets | Written down and displayed for everyone to see |
| Forum | A common meeting place |
| Latin | The people group who founded Rome |
| Mediterranean Sea | The Italian Peninsula extends into this |
| Patricians | Wealthy Romans descended from the Latin |
| Republic | Form of government in which elected representatives make decisions |
| Scipio | Roman General who defeated Hannibal |
| Zama | The place where Hannibal was defeated |
| Pergamum | Asian kingdom defeated by Rome |
| Hannibal | crossed the Alps with elephants and attacked Rome. |
| Gauls | group of people who settled in the Po River Valley |
| Tiber | Rome is located on this river |
| Alps | mountain range that separates Italy from the European mainland |
| Senate | powerful ruling body in Rome |
| Romulus | killed his brother and founded Rome |