| A | B |
|---|
| silt | bits of black soil, sand, and clay laid down by flowing water |
| delta | a triangle-shaped area of marshy land made by deposits of silt, sand, and small stones at the mouth of a river |
| economy | the use of workers and resources to produce goods and services |
| irrigation | the watering of dry land by means of streams, canals, or pipes in order to grow more crops |
| Nile River Valley | the fertile region watered by the Nile River |
| Upper Egypt | the southern part of ancient Egypt |
| Lower Egypt | the northern part of the kingdom of ancient Egypt |
| pharaoh | the supreme ruler of ancient Egypt |
| pyramid | a huge stone structure built by the ancient Egyptians as a royal tomb, having a square base and four triangular sides |
| empire | a group of lands and people under one government |
| Menes | pharaoh who united Upper and Lower Egypt |
| Khufu | Egyptian pharaoh who built the Great Pyramid |
| Hatshepsut | first woman ruler known to history |
| Howard Carter | archaeologist famous for discovering the tomb of the Egyptian pharaoh Tutankhamen |
| Tutankhamen | Egyptian pharaoh; his magnificent tomb was discovered by Howard Carter |
| Memphis | ancient Egyptian city,capital of Egypt during the reign of Menes |
| Thebes | ancient Egyptian city, capital of Egypt after Memphis |
| Kush | ancient kingdom in northeastern Africa, which flourished from about 751 B.C. to A.D. 400 |
| Valley of the Kings | an ancient burial place near the Nile River |
| hieroglyphics | a system of writing in ancient Egypt that used pictures and signs to stand for objects, sounds, and ideas |
| papyrus | a type of paper made from reeds and used by the ancient Egyptians for writing and keeping records |
| scribe | a person whose profession was writing down or copying letters, contracts, and other documents |
| Rosetta Stone | a large inscribed stone discovered in Rosetta, Egypt, in 1799. Because it contained carvings in three languages-hieroglyphics, late Egyptian, and Greek- it allowed scholars to to learn the meaning of hieroglyphics |
| slavery | the practice of owning people as property |
| historical map | a map showing historical information, such as a series of battles or the stages in the growth of an empire |
| boundary | an imaginary line dividing one country from another |
| cataract | a waterfall or churning rapids in a river |
