| A | B |
|---|
| osteo | bone |
| osteology | study of bones |
| erythrocytes | red blood cells |
| leukocytes | white blood cells |
| thrombocytes | platelets |
| diaphysis | main portion of bone (shaft) |
| epiphysis | ends of the bone |
| metaphysis | where the diaphysis joins the epiphysis in mature bones |
| articular cartilage | thin layer of cartilage covering the epiphysis |
| periosteum | covering around surface of bone |
| medullary cavity | the space in the diaphysis contains yellow bone marrow |
| tubercle | small rounded process |
| condyle | knuckle-like |
| fossa | a depression |
| foreman | tunnel or hole |
| axial skeleton | (80)bones that lie on the axis of the body |
| periatal bone | greater portion of sides and top of the cranium |
| occipital bone | forms base of the cranium |
| temporal bone | form inferior sides of the cranium |
| temporal bone | form inferior sides of the cranium |
| frontal bone | forms the forhead |
| zygomatic bone | forms prominence of the cheek |
| mandible | lower jawbone |
| maxilla | upper jaw |
| nasal | bridge of the nose |
| cervical | vertabae of the neck |
| theoracic | ribs attached to these vertabrae |
| lumber | vertabae of lower back |
| sacral(fused) | articulate with perlvic |
| coccyx(fused) | tailbone |
| hyoid bone | located in neck,provides a point of attachment |
| appendicular skeleton | contains bones the bones of the appendages |
| clavical | collarbone |
| scapula | shoulder blades |
| humerus | bone of upper arm |
| ulna | medical bone of forearm |
| radius | lateral bone of forearm |
| carples | wrist bones (8) |
| metecarples | bones of palm of hand (5) |
| phalanges | bones of fingers(14) |
| pelvis | ilium, ischium, and pubis |
| femur | thigh bone |
| tibia | medial bone of lower leg |
| fubula | smaller lateral bone of the lower leg |
| patella | kneecap |
| tarsals | bones of the ankle |
| metatarsals | bones in the arch or foot |
| phalanges | bones of toes |
| closed(simple) fracture | a fracture in which the bone doesn't break through the skin |
| open(compound)fracture | a fracture in which the broken ends of the bone protrude through the skin |
| comminuted fracture | a fracture in which the bone is splintered at the site and smaller fragments of bone are found between the two main fragments |
| greensick fracture | a fracture in which one side of the bone is broken and the other side bends.(Usually only occurs in children.) |
| spiral fracture | a fracture in which the bone is twisted apart |
| pott's fracture | a fracture at the distal end of the fibula, |
| colles' fracture | a fracture of the distal radius |
| strees fracture | a fracture resulting from repeated stress |
| articulation | the junction of two bones |
| arthro | joint |
| arthrology | study of joints |
| immoveable joints | bones connected by fibrous tissue or cartilageno synovial capsule |
| freely moveable joints | all are synoval joints held together by synovial capsuls filled with synovial fluid |
| gliding joints | tarsals, carpals |
| hinge joints | one plane, one axis as in the elbow,knee, and interphalangeal joints of the fingers |
| pivot joints | one axis of movement with rotation as in the pronation/suppination of the radius with the humerous and the atlantoaxial joint in spine |
| candyloi | two planes and two axes, joint between radius and carples |
| saddle | two planes and two axes-bones fit togehter like saddles or meticarples of the thumb |
| ball and socket | ball-shapes head fit into concave socket having movement in three planes and three axes and allowing for movement in a circle-shoulder and hip joint |
| hayline cartilage | provides a smooth surface at ends of bones that comprise joint |
| synoval capsule | the outer layer is fibrous for strength to connect bones |
| synovial membrane | the inner layer of the synoval capsul which secrets a lubricating |
| synoval cavity | a space between the articulating bones |
| ligments | structure which holds the bones together |
| ligaments | the structure which connects the bones |
| tendon | the structure which connects muscle to the bone |
| bursae | a sack like structure filled with fluid that reduces friction between soft tissue and bones, and bones, and between the skin and bones |
| meniscus | a cartilage disk between certain joints for shock absorbtion, cushioning, and stability |
