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| Describe the history of the conflict between the Jews and Arabs(including the Palestinians) over a Palestinian homeland? | The Jews claim to the land goes back 3,000 years when Jewish kings ruled from Jerusalem. The Palestinians (both Muslims and Christians) claim that the land has belonged to them since the Jews were driven out in AD 135. According to the Arabs, the land has belonged to them since their conquest of the area in the 7th century. |
| What modern events have spurred conflict in the Middle East? | 1)Persecution of Jews in Europe 2) Rising value of oil in the Middle East 3) Global politics that have influenced decisions half a world away. |
| Who were the Zionists? | people who favored a Jewish national homeland in Palestine. |
| Who oversaw Palestine after the defeat of the Ottoman Empire in WWI? | Great Britain |
| How did the United Nations settle the Palestine issue at the end of WWII? | In 1947, the General Assembly of the United Nations called for a partition of Palestine into a Palestinian state and a Jewish state. Jerusalem was to be an international city owned by neither side. |
| What happened on May 14, 1948? | David Ben Gurion, long-time leader of the Jews residing in Palestine, announced the creation of an independent Israel. |
| How did the neighbors of Israel respond to their newly claimed "statehood"? | The new nation of Israel got a hostile greeting from its neighbors. The day after it proclaimed itself a state, 6 Arab states (Egypt, Iraq, Jordan,Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, and Syria) invaded Israel. Israel relied on strong American support in the first of many Arab-Israeli wars. Full scale war broke out again in 1956, 1967, and 1973. |
| What prompted the Suez Crisis of 1956? | The Egyptian President Nasser was angered by the loss of US and British financial support for building the Answan Dam so he sent his troops to take over the canal. Outraged, the British, French and Israelis retaliated and defeated the Egyptians. Egypt regained control of the canal when world pressure forced Israel to withdraw. |
| As a result of this war, Israel occupied militarily the old city of Jerusalem, the Sinai Peninsula, the Golan Heights,and the West Bank? This was done to provide a buffer zone and improve security. | The 1967 Six-Day War |
| Who was involved in the 1973 War? | Egytpian President Anwar Sadat attacked Israel on Yom Kippur, the holiest of Jewish holidays. The Israelis, under the leadership of Golda Meir, launched a counterattack. |
| What were the Camp David Accords? | The first signed agreement between Israel and an Arab country that ended 30 years of hostility between Egypt and Israel. Egypt recognized Israel as a legitimate state. In exchange, Israel would have to recognize the rights of the Palestinians and return the Sinai Peninsula to Egypt. |
| What was the Intifada? | Palestinians living in Israel who resented Israeli rule. In 1987, they began to express their frustrations in a widespread campaign of civil disobedience that took the form of boycotts, attack on Israeli soldiers, rock throwing by unarmed teenagers. |
| What was the PLO? | The Palestine Liberation Organization led by Yasir Arafat. |
| What were the Declaration Principles? | Agreement between the Israelis (Rabin) and the Palestinians (Arafat) to grant the Palestinians self-rule inthe Gaza Strip and the West Bank beginning with the town of Jericho. Signed on September 13, 1993. |
