| A | B |
|---|
| What energy sources does the United States rely on the present time? | Fossil fuels- Oil, natural gas, and coal. Nuclear hydro power and geothermal. |
| What major energy transitions have the United States already made? | Wood and fireplaces. Then in the late 1800’s we started to use coal, in 1920’s we began to use oil and gas, and now we use a little nuclear. |
| Why might future demands for energy in the United States not grow as rapidly as they have in the past? | More people are aware that we could run out energy. Awareness of limitation, supply decrease, necession and population stagnation. |
| Why are oil and gas desirable fuels? | They are easily stored transported and consumed. |
| Petroleum is most often... | formed in the sedimentary beds deposited in ancient seas, whereas coal originated in ancient swamps and marshes. |
| Name four different types of oil and gas traps. | 1. structural trap- anticline 2. fault 3. salt dome- photosynthesis 4. stratigraphic trap |
| The chances of discovering a high-profit oil trap... | are very poor- low. It is very hard to find oil. |
| What waste products are formed when oil is burned? | Nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides. CO, hydrocarbon, CO2, NOx, Sox, heavy metals and water vapor. |
| List five common products made from petroleum. | 1. Gasoline- plastics 2. Jet fuel- pharisaical 3. asphalt for road- asphalt 4. lubricants- petrochemical 5. fuel oil- synthetic fiber |
| In what ways is it better to use natural gas as fuel, rather than oil? | 1. Gas is much cleaner than oil. 2. Gas doesn’t have to be processed. |
| Where is the natural gas is usually found? | It found with oil very deep in the ground. |
| Why is there a renewed interest in coal? | Coal reserves are large and we know where they are. We have equipment to get the coal. And it can be removed by trucks. |
| Coal is mostly... | carbon. |
| What waste products are produced when oil is burned? | Nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides. CO, hydrocarbon, CO2, NOx, Sox, heavy metals and water vapor. |
| Since coal combustion poses environmental dangers, why is the US returning to coal as a significant source of energy? | Declining US crude oil reserves and production while energy demands continue to grow. |
| Why can coal be used so readily in our economy? | The electrical generating plants are already set up to run on coal. |
| List and distinguish among the four different kinds of coal. | 1. lignite 2. subbituminous coal 3. bituminous coal 4. anthracite |
| 1. lignite | used in coal gasification processes. |
| 2. subbituminous coal | used for making steam. |
| 3. bituminous coal | used for electrical power generation and smelting steel. |
| 4. anthracite | used for space heating. |
| What determines the usefulness of coal as a fuel? Which kind of coal ranks highest as fuel? | The heat density or (energy content) The more carbon to moister in the coal the more heat density. Anthracite ranks highest as a fuel. |
| List the ways in which modern underground mining has improved. | Huge automatic coal-cutting and loading machines make mining safer. |
