| A | B |
| Molecular genetics | A relatively young field of science |
| Lamarck | A "transformist" |
| Acquired characters | Inherited modifications caused by experiences in the parent's life |
| "Internal force" | An unknown mechanism that Lamarck believed causes change from parent to offspring |
| Cuvier | One of Britain's leading anatomists |
| Morphology | A relatively seasoned field of science |
| Beagle | Darwin's home from 1832-37 |
| "Striving" | How Lamarck explained the length of the giraffe's neck |
| Lyell and Hooker | Arranged for the announcement of both Wallace's and Darwin's theories |
| Linnaean society | Where Darwin and Wallace announced their findings in 1858 |
| Philosophic Zoologque | An influential book from 1809 |
| Woodpecker | Has adapted to drill into trees |
| "ancestor-descendant" | The foundational relationship of a lineage |
| Plato | Philosopher who discussed acquired characters in ancient times |