| A | B |
|---|
| Absolute Value | The distance a number is from zero on the number line |
| Acute Angle | An angle of measure less than 90° (but more than 0°) |
| Acute Triangle | A triangle with three acute angles |
| Angle | A figure formed by two line segments or rays with a common endpoint |
| Approximation | A value that is very close but not exactly equal to another number; an estimate |
| Area | The number of square units needed to cover a flat space without overlapping |
| Associative Property of Addition | When adding, how numbers are grouped does not change the sum: (a+b)+c = a+(b+c) |
| Associative Property of Multiplication | Whe multiplying, how numbers are grouped does not change the product: (ab)c = a(bc) |
| Axis | One of the reference lines in a coordinate system |
| Bar Graph | A graph that uses bars to show data |
| Base of a Figure | The side of a 2-D figure or the face of a 3-D figure that is perpendicular to the figure's height |
| Cartesian Coordinate plane | The two-dimensional plane with perpendicular axes, usually referred to to as the x-axis and y-axis |
| Center | The point that is equidistant from all points of a circle or sphere |
| Circle | The set of all points in a plane that are a fixed distance from a particular point |
| Circle Graph | A graph that shows data as parts of a whole; Pie Chart |
| Circumference | The distance around a circle |
| Coefficient | A numerical value or other constant that is multiplied by a variable |
| Commutative Property of Addition | A statement that says the order in which numbers are added does not change their sum: a+b = b+a |
| Commutative Property of Multiplication | A statement that says the order in which numbers are multiplied does not change their product: ab = ba |
| Composite Number | A number that is the product of two integers other than 1 and itself |
| Consecutive | In order with no numbers skipped |
| Constant | A number or symbol representing a value that doesn't change |
| Coordinates | An ordered pair of numbers used to identify the position of a point in a coordinate system |
| Data | Factual information |
| Decagon | A flat 10-sided polygon |
| Decimal | The base-10 notational system for representing real numbers. The expansion of a number using this system is called its decimal expansion (e.g. the decimal expansion of pi is 3.1415926...) |
| Denominator | The bottom number in a fraction |
| Diagonal | A line segment that joins two nonconsecutive vertices of a polygon |
| Diameter | A chord that includes the center of a circle; aslo the length of this chord |
| Difference | How much is left after you subtract |
| Digit | Any of the numbers (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 in the decimal system) used to write numbers |
| Distributive Property | A statement that says the product of a number and a sum equals the sum of the individual products; a(b+c) = ab+ac |
| Divisible | Describes a number that can be divided by another number without a remainder |
| Endpoint | A point at the end of a line segment or ray |
| Equal | Having the same value |
| Equation | A statement that two expressions are equal |
| Equiangular | Describes a 2-dimensional figure in which all angles have the same measure |
| Equidistant | Describes points that are all the same distance from a given point |
| Equilateral Triangle | A triangle with three congruent sides |
| Equivalent | Having the same value but written differently |
| Evaluate | To find the value of a mathematical expression |
| Exponent | A number that stands for the power, or the number of bases to be multiplied |
| Expression | A group of numbers and variables linked by operation signs |
| Finite | Limited |
| Graph | A pictorial representation of a set of points in a coordinate system |
| Heptagon | A flat 7-sided polygon |
| Hexagon | A flat 6-sided polygon |
| Horizontal | Going left and right |
| Hypotenuse | Ths side of a right triangle that is opposite the right angle |
| Identity Property of Addition | A statement that says the sum of a number and zero is equal to that number |
| Identity Property of Multiplication | A statement that says the product of a number and one is equal to that number |
| Improper Fraction | A fraction with a numerator greater than or equal to its denominator |
| Inequality | An algebraic statement that says that two numbers or expressions representing numbers are not equal |
| Infinite | Having no limit; never ending |
| Integers | The set of positive and negative whole numbers and 0 |
| Interval | A space or distance between numbers on a number line |
| Inverse Operations | Operations that give oposite results, or undo each other |
| Irrational Numbers | Non-terminating, non-repeating decimals that cannot be written as a fraction |
| isosceles Triangle | A triangle that has two congruent sides |
| Least Common Denominator | The common multiple of two or more denominators that has the least value |
| Least Common Multiple | The smallest quantity that is divisible by two or more quantities |
| Leg | Either of the sides of a right triangle that is not the hypotenuse |
| Like Terms | Terms in an expression that have the same variables with the same exponents |
| Line | A set of connected points that goes on forever in opposite directions |
| Line Segment | A part of a line with two endpoints |
| Linear Equation | An first-degree equation that represents the graph of a straight line |
| Maximum | The largest value of a set or function |
| Midpoint | The point that lies exactly halfway between the endpoints of a line segment |
| Minimum | The smallest value of a set or function |
| Mixed Number | A number with a whole number part and a fractional part |
| Multiple | The product of a given whole number and any other whole number |
| Natural Numbers | The set of counting numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, ... |
| Nonagon | A flat 9-sided polygon |
| Numerator | The top number in a fraction |
| Obtuse Angle | An angle of measure greater than 90° and less than 180° |
| Obtuse Triangle | A triangle with one obtuse angle |
| Octogon | A flat 8-sided polygon |
| Order of Operations | The convention that indicates the order in which mathematical operations should be performed: parentheses; exponents; multiplication and division; and addition and subtraction |
| Origin | The point of intersection of the axes of a coordinate system; (0, 0) |
| Parallel Lines | Straight lines in a plane that never intersect, no matter how far they are extended |
| Parallelogram | A quadrilateral with two pairs of parallel sides |
| Pentagon | A flat 5-sided polygon |
| Percent | Parts per hundred |
| Perfect Square | The product of an integer times itself |
| Perimeter | The measure of the distance around the outside shape of a figure |
| Perpendicular Lines | Lines that form a 90° angle where they intersect |
| Pi | The ratio of the circumference to the diameter of a circle |
| Plane | A flat surface made up of a continuous and unending set of points, going on forever in all directions |
| Point | An exact place in space |
| Polynomial | An algebraic expression with two or more terms |
| Prime Factorization | The division of a number until it is expressed as the product of only prime factors |
| Prime Number | A whole number with value greater than one, whose only factors are one and itself |
| Probability | A measure from 0 to 1 of our belief that some event will or will not occur |
| Quadrant | Each of the four regions that are formed by the perpendicular axes of a coordinate plane |
| Quadrilateral | A flat 4-sided polygon |
| Quotient | The result of dividing one number by another |
| Radius | The distance or segment from the center to any point of a circle |
| Ratio | A comparison of two numbers, often written as a fraction |
| Rational Number | A number that can be written as the ratio of two non-zero integers |
| Ray | Part of a line that starts at a particular point on the line and extends infinitely far in one direction |
| Real Numbers | The combined set of all rational and irrational numbers |
| Reciprocal | The number by which a given number can be multiplied to get one |
| Rectangle | A quadrilateral with 4 right angles |
| Remainder | An amount left over after one number is divided by another |
| Rhombus | A quadrilateral with all its sides congruent |
| Right Angle | An angle of measure 90° |
| Right Triangle | A triangle with one right angle |
| Scalene Triangle | A triangle with no congruent sides |
| Semicircle | Half of a circle |
| Set | A group of elements |
| Simplest Form | A fraction for which the only common factor of the numerator and denominator is 1 |
| Simplfy | To rewrite an expression by combining like terms or using the order of operations; or to rewrite a fraction by dividing both the numerator and denominator by a common factor |
| Sphere | The set of all points in space that are a fixed distance from a particular point |
| Square | A quadrilateral with 4 congruent sides and 4 right angles |
| Square Root | The factor of a number that when squared is the number |
| Sum | The answer to an addition problem |
| Surface Area | The measured total area of the surface of a solid shape |
| Term | Part of an expression separated by addition or subtraction |
| Trapezoid | A quadrilateral with exactly one pair of parallel sides |
| Triangle | A flat 3-sided polygon |
| Unknown | A letter used to stand for a particular missing number |
| Variable | A letter used to stand for a missing number or numbers |
| Vertical | Up and down |
| Volume | The number of unit cubes needed to fill up a 3-dimensional space |
| Whole Number | The numbers 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and so on |
| X-Axis | The horizontal number line on a graph or a coordinate grid |
| X-Coordinate | The value that is given first in an ordered pair that tells the distance of a point from the y-axis |
| Y-Axis | The vertical number line on a graph or a coordinate grid |
| Y-Coordinate | The value that is given second in an ordered pair that tells the distance of a point from the x-axis |
| Zero Property of Multiplication | A statement that says that the product of a number and zero is always zero |
