| A | B |
|---|
| silt | a mixture of tiny bits of soil and rock. |
| delta | a very fertile, flat land made of silt left behind as a river drains into a larger body of water. |
| irrigation | the watering of dry land by means of canals or pipes. |
| Nile River | the world's longest river, which flows north through East Africa into the Mediterranean Sea. |
| Lower Egypt | the fertile downstream delta part of the Nile. |
| Upper Egypt | the southern part of the Nile that cuts through stone cliffs and desert sands. |
| pharaoh | title used by the rulers of ancient Egypt. |
| unification | the joining of separate parts, such as kingdoms, into one. |
| economy | the way people mamage money and resources for the production of goods and services. |
| hieroglyphics | the ancient Egyptian system of writing that used symbols to stand for objects, ideas, or sounds. |
| scribe | a professional writer who kept records and copied letters and official documents. |
| papyrus | a kind of paper made from the reed plant that Egyptians used for writing. |
| Menes | King of Upper Egypt, who united Upper and Lower Egypt. |
| Khufu | Egyptian pharaoh who built the great pyramid. |
| Memphis | capital of Egypt's Old Kingdom, located on the Nile near present day Cairo. |
| Thebes | ancient city in Upper Egypt that becomes the capital of the New Kingdom. |
| Ra | this was the Egyptian sun god who they believed gave life to Earth. |
| Osiris | husband of Isis, this Egyptian god represented the dead who awaited rebirth. |
| Isis | this Egyptian god protected people from sickness and harm. |
| Rosetta Stone | a large rock disovered in Egypt that had three different languages written on it, including hieroglyphics that led to their (hieroglyphics) being decifiered. |
| empire | a group of lands and peoples ruled by one government. |
| expedition | a group of people who go on a trip for a specific reason. |
| Ahmose | new kingdom pharaoh who drove the Hyksos out of the Nile Delta and reunited Egypt. |
| Hatshepsut | one of the few women pharaohs who sent a trade expedition to Punt. |
| Tutankhamun | Egyptian pharaoh who ruled from ages 9 to 19; his tomb lay untouched until its discovery in 1922. |
| Nubia | ancient kingdom south of Egypt that was full of gold mines. |
| Kush | ancient kingdom in northeastern Africa, conquered by Egypt. |
| Punt | an ancient Egyptian name for an area south of Egypt, that Hatshepsut sent an expedition to trade with. |
| Valley of Kings | west of Thebes in ancient Egypt, the burial place of 30 New Kingdom pharaohs. |
| small scale map | this map shows a large area with many details. |
| large scale map | this map shows a small area with few details. |
| scale | a unit of measure on a map, such as an inch, that is used to represnt a distance on earth. |
| slavery | the practice of one person owning another person. |
| social pyramid | a diagram showing the divisions within a culture; with the most powerful person or group at the top and the weakest group at the bottom.and |
