| A | B |
|---|
| What is the functional unit of contraction in a muscle cell? | Sarcomere |
| What is the direct source of energy for muscle contraction? | ATP |
| What is a chemical found in muscles that stores oxygen, then supplies it to the mitochondria of the muscle fiber? | Myoglobin |
| What it a natural by-product of contraction? | Heat Production |
| What are the two types of smooth muscles? | Multiunit smooth muscles and Visceral smooth muscles |
| Myosin and actin are the two filaments in what? | Myofibril or sacromere |
| What is released into the synaptic cleft of the neuromuscular junction or motor end plate? | Acetylcholine |
| Cell respiration requires what two chemicals to function? | Oxygen and glucose |
| What causes muscles to feel a burning sensation? | Lactic Acid |
| Striated muscles have what type of cells? | Glycolytic cells |
| What is another name for the cell membrane of a muscle cell? | Sarcolemma |
| I bands are composed of what protein? | Actin |
| What two chemicals are associated with actin? | Tropmyosin and troponin |
| What is it called when a muscle loses it's ability to contract after it contracts and relaxes repeatedly in one exercise period? | Muscle Fatigue |
| What do you call a stimulus that is not strong enough to illicit a response from isolated muscle fibers? | Subthreshold Stimulus |
| What is the swollan area in the middle of the myosin filament called? | The M Line |
| During the resting condition of muscle contraction, what is being pumped into the cell's cristernae? | Calcium |
| What is the formula for cell respiration and how many ATPs are produced? | C6H12O6 + 6O2 ---> 6H2O + 6CO2 + 36 ATPs |
| The nervous system has the least control over which type of motor units? | Single (large) motor units, muscle units with numerous muscle fibers |
| What type of contraction occurs when the muscle contracts with a force less than the resistance and lengthens? | Isometric and Eccentric |
| What is the functional unit of contraction in a muscle cell? | Sacromere |
| In the sacromere, what is the region that contains only actin filaments? | The I Band |
| What is the direct energy source for muscle contration? | ATP |
| What chemical causes muscles to feel a burning sensation? | Lactic Acid |
| When a certain stimulus is reached, the cell will completely contract. What is the name of this stimulus? | Threshold Stimulus |
| What enzyme is secreted by the muscle cell to remove acetylcholine? | Acetocholinesterase |
| What is the connective tissue that surrounds the outer edge of the muscle organ? | Epimysium |
| What are the three types of muscle tissue? | Skeletal, visceral, cardiac |
| Is cardiac muscle voluntary or involuntary? | Involuntary |
| What separates myofibrils from each other? | Sarcoplasmic reticulum |
| Where does actual muscle contraction take place? | Sarcomeres |
| What are two functions of the muscular system? | Movement of bones; movement of tubes and the heart |
| What are the three types of muscles? | Striated, smooth, cardiac |
| What is the direct chemical source of energy for muscle contraction? | ATP |
| What are the two chemicals closely associated with actin? | Tropmyosin and Tropinin |
| What are two causes of muscle fatigue? | Poor blood circulation; ion imbalance; psychological; energy shortage |
| What is it called when a muscle loses its ability to contract due to several repetition of contracting? | Fatigue |
| What are the small fibers within a cell, separated by sarcoplasmic reticulum? | Myofibrils |
| During muscle contraction, movement occurs when the cross bridges cause what chemical to slide toward the H-zone? | Actin filaments |
| During relaxation, what chemical is broken down within the release and later broken down within the neuromuscular junction? | Acetylcholine |
| Which system coordinates motor units across a muscle so that the organ contraction is smooth rather than jerky? | Central Nervous System |
| Which type of muscle has thin filaments that are composed of myosin and actin without transverse tubules? | Smooth muscle |
