| A | B |
|---|
| cellular respiration | the process organisms use to obtain energy by breaking down glucose to release energy |
| first phase of cellular respiration | glycolysis |
| second phases of cellular respiration | oxidative respiration or fermentation |
| aerobic process | process occurring only in the presence of oxygen |
| anaerobic process | process occurring in the absence of oxygen |
| glycolysis | glucose molecule is broken down into 2 molecules of pyruvic acid; first anaerobic phase of cellular respiration; occurs in the cytoplasm |
| fermentation | chemical conversion of carbohydrates into alcohols or acids; produces only 2 molecules of ATP |
| lactic acid | fermentation waste product responsible for the sour taste in yogurt and soreness in strained muscles |
| ethyl alcohol & carbon dioxide | fermentation waste products responsible for making bread rise and used to make alcoholic beverages such as beer & wine |
| oxidative respiration | process in which oxygen is used by the mitochondria to make energy from carbohydrates; produces 36 molecules of ATP |
