| A | B |
|---|
| state | identifies a policial community that occupies a definate territory |
| state | has an organized govt. with power to make & enforce laws without approval from higher authority |
| nation | any sizabel froup of people who are united by comming bonds of race, language, cusoton, tradition and religion |
| nation-state | potical boundaries united by beliefs |
| concensus | An agreement about basic beliefs |
| concensus | Policical and sociable ___ have the most stable govt. |
| sovereignty | means that the state has supreme and absolute authorith w/in its ter. bound. |
| sovereignty | has complete independence, power to make laws, shape foreign policy, to determine own course of action |
| government | the institution through which the state maintains a( social order b) provides public services c) enforeces decision that are binding on all people living in the state |
| unitary system of govt. | gives all key products to the a) nat. or b( central government |
| unitary system of govt. | creates a) state b) provincial c) local govts and d) gives them limited sovereigny |
| federal system of govt. | divides the powers of govt. b/w the national govt and state or provincial goct. |
| developed nations | have large industries & advanced technology that provide a more comfortabel way of life than developing nations |
| developled nations | are only beg. to develop industrially |
| Name four essential features of a state | population, territoy, sovereignty, government |
| three non-state gropis that play imp. roles in intern. policiies | political movements, multination corps. intern.org. |
| The purposes of government | (1) to maintain social order (2) tp provide public services (3) to provide for national security and common defense (4) to provide for &control the economic system |
| Politics | The effort to control or influence the conduct & policies of gov. |
| Constitution | A plan that provides the rules of gov. (1) It sets out ideals that the people bound by the Constitutin believe in & share (2) It establishes the basic structure of gov't & defines the gov't powers & duties |
| Preamble | A statement that sets forth the goals & purposes to be served byt he govt. "We the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect Union..." |
| Constitututional Law | Primarily concerns defining the extent and limits of gov't power & the rights of citizens |
| The three classifications of gov. according to Aristotle | (1) autocracy-rule by one person (2) oligarchy-rule by few persons (3) democracy-rule by many persons |
| Autocracy | Any system of gov. in which the power & authority to rule are in the hands of a single indiv. |
| totalitarian dictatorship | a form of autocracy-one in which the ideas of a singler leader of group of leaders are glorified |
| monarchy | another formo of autoratic gov.-In one, a aking, queen, or emperor exercises the supreme powers of gov. usually inherit their positions |
| Absolute monarchy | have complete and unlimited power to rule their people ex. Saudi Arablie |
| Divine right | The view tht God granted those of royal birht the right to rule people-any challenge to or revolt against a monarch was regarded as sin as well as treason |
| constitutional monarch | Share gov. powers to elect legisl. or serve mainly as the ceremonial leadrs. of their gov. |
| oligarchy | Any system of go. in which a small group holds power--rule by few persons |
| Democracy | Any system of gov. in which rule is by the people-rule by many persons-one of three major forms of gov. |
| Direct democracy | the people govern themselves by voiting on issues ind. as citizens-exists only in very small societies |
| Indirect or representative democracy | The people elect repvs. & give them the resp. & power to make laws & conduct govs.-any assembly of people's rep. may by called a) council b) legislature c) congress or d) parlianment |
| republic | voters hold sovereign power-elected repvs. who are resp. to the pwople exercise that pwr |
| political party | a group of ind. w/broad common interests who 1) org. the nom. candidates for office 2) with elections 3) conduct gov. 4) detrm. public policy |
| free enterprise | the opportunity to make ec. gains & contorl one's ec. decisions |
| Economics | the study of human effforts to satisfy seeminly unlimited wants throught he use of limited resources |
| Capitalism | An ec. sys. in which freedom of chice & ind. incentive for workers, investors, consumer, & bus. enter. is emphasized |
| Captialism | "free enterprise" (1) priv. ownership & contorl of prop. and ec. resour. (2) free enterprise (3) comp. among bus. (4) freedom of choice (5) the pos.of profits |
| Free market | meant that buyers & sellers were free to make unlimited ec. decisions in the market place |
| laissez-faire | from the writings of Smith-French term means "to let alone" |
| laissez-faire | Govt. should keep hands off ec., role is strictly limited to those few actions needed to ensure free comp. in the m. place |
| democratic socialism | People have basic human rights & some control over gov. offi. through three elections + multiparty systems |
| bourgeoisie | Karl Marx belie. that indus. nations the pop. is divided into capitalists, or ______. |
| bourgeoisie | Those who own the means of production |
| proletariat | Karl Marx believed that ind. nations the pop. is divi. into cap., or the bourgeoisie, & the workers, or the _____who wrk to produce goods |
| proletariat | The workers, or the ___ who work to produce the goods. |
| communism | the ec. + pol. sys. in which prop. & goods = ownd by gov. + prod. are share by all |
| communism | Under____ one class would evolve, property would all beheld in common, and there would be no need for gov. |
| socialism | 2nd type of econ. system |
| socialism | the govts. owns the basic means of prod., det. the use of resources, distr. the prod. + wages, & provides socail aervices such as ed., h. care, and welfare |
| socialism | (1) the dist. of wealth + ec. op. equally among people (2) society's control through its go. of all maj. decisions (3) public ownership of most land, of factories, etc. |
| command | The communist system is called a ____economy bec hte gov decides 1. how much to produce, what to, and how to dist. goods & serv. |
| The role of ec. systems | (1) what and how much should be prod. (20 hwo goods + serv. should be p. (3) who gets the goods + services prod. |
