| A | B |
|---|
| the geography of the north american continent was fundamentally shaped byt the glaciers of the great ice age | t |
| north america was first settle by poeple who came by boat across the waters of the pacific strait from japan to alaska | f bering strait |
| the early indian civilizations of mexico and peru were built on the econimic foundations of cattle and wheat growing | f corn/maize |
| most north american indians lived in small seminomadic agricultrual and hunting communities | t |
| many indian cultures like the iriquois traced descent through the female line | t |
| no europeans had ever set foot on the american continents prior to columbuss arrival in 1492 | f scandanavians |
| a primary motive for the european voyages of discovery was the desire to find a less expensive route to asian goods and markets | t plus religion and wealth |
| the beginnings of african slavery developed in response to the spanish conq uest of the americas | f |
| columbus immediately recognized in 1492 that he had come across new continents previously unknown to europeans | f |
| the greatest effect of the european intrusion on the indians of the americas was to increase their population through intermarriage with tthe whites | f |
| spanish gold and silver fromt he americas fueled inflation and econimic growth in europe | t |
| the spanish conquistadores had little to do with the native peoples of mexico and refused to intermarry with them | f mestizos |
| the province of new mexico was first settled by french colonizers from the north | f spanish from south |
| spain expanded its empire into florida and new mexico partly to block french and english intrusions | t |
| the spanish empire in the new world was larger, richer, and longer-lasting than that of the english | t |
| the geologically oldest mountains in north america are | the appalachians |
| the indian peoples of the new world | were divided into many diverse clutures speaking more than 2 thousand different languages |
| the iriqouis confederacy remained a strong political and military influence until | the american revolution |
| among the important forces that first stimulated european interest in trade and discovery was | the christian crusaders who brought back a taste for the silks and spices of asia |
| among the most important american indian products to spread to the old world were | foodstuffs such as maize, beans, and tomatoes |
| the primary staples of indian agriculture were | maize, beans, and squash |
| the umber of indians in north america at the time columbus arrived was approximately | twenty million |
| before columbus arrived, the only europeans to have temporarily visited north america were | the norse |
| the portuguese were the first to enter the slave trade and establish large-scale plantations using slave labor in | the atlantic sugar islands |
| much of the impetus for spanish exploration and pursuit of glory came from spain's recent | national unification and expulsion of the muslim moors |
| a crucial political development that paved thew ay for the european colonization of america was | the rise of the centralized national monarchies such as that of spain |
| the primary reason for the drastic decline in the indian population after the encounter with the europeans was | the indian's lack fo resistance to eurpean diseases such as smallpox and malaria |
| cortes and his men were able to conquer the aztec capital tenochtitlan partly because | the aztec ruler montezuma believed that cortez was a god whose return had been predicted |
| the primary early colonial competitor with spain in the new world was | portugal |
| the belief the the spanish only killed, tortured, and stole in the americas while doing nothing good is called | economienda |
| important mississippian culture site, near present east st. louis, illinois | cahokia |
| first european nation to send explorers around the west coast of africa | portugal |
| flourishing west african kingdom that had its capital and university at timbuktu | mali |
| diseases | smallpox, malaria |
| treatly that secured spanish title to lands in americas by dividing them with portugal | treaty of tordesillas |
| capital of aztecs | tenochtitlan |
| indian uprising in new mexico caused by spanish efforts to suppress indian religion | popes rebellion |
| financiers and beneficiaries of columbuss voyages to the new world | ferdinand and isabella |
| spanish conquerors of great indian civilizastions | cortes and pizarro |
| portuguese navigators who sailed around the african coast | dias and da gama |
| female indian slave who served as interpreter for cortes | malinche |
| aztec monarch who fell to spanish conquerors | montezuma |
| founded in 1565, the oldest continually inhabited european settlement in the united states territory | st. augustine |
| italian born navigator sent by english to explore the north american continent | john cabot |
| franciscan missionary who settle california | junipero serra |
