| A | B |
|---|
| Sahara | The huge desert located in northern Africa. |
| caravan | A group of traders traveling together. |
| Ghana | The name of the earliest kingdom in Africa known as the "land of gold". |
| salt | The important resource that Ghana lacked and was willing to trade gold for. |
| Timbuktu | The city on the southern edge of the Sahara that Arab traders brought their trade goods to. |
| Islam | The name of the religion that the Arab traders brought with them to West Africa. |
| Muslims | The name given to the followers of the Islamic religion. |
| Mali | The name of the kingdom that came into power after Ghana. |
| Mansa Musa | The emperor of the kingdom of Mali. |
| pilgrimage | A journey taken for religious reasons. |
| Mecca | The holy city of Muslims located on the Arabian peninsula. |
| Great Mosque | The name of the large building built in Timbuktu by Mansa Musa as a center of trade and learning. |
| Songhai | The last great trading empire in West Africa that flourished from the 1300s to the 1500s. It controlled more land the both Ghana and Mali. |
| astrolabe | An instrument developed by Arabs that helped sailors use the sun and stars to find their latitude, or distance from the equator. |
