| A | B |
|---|
| photosynthesis | the process by which plants use light energy, carbon dioxide and water to make sugars and oxygen. |
| xylem | tubes in vascular plants that carry materials from the roots to the leaves |
| phloem | tubes in vascular plants that carry sugar away from the leaves |
| pollination | moving pollen from the stamen to the pistil of a flower |
| embryo | part of a seed - the part that is the new plant. |
| spore | a single plant cell that can develop into a new plant - mosses and ferns use these to reproduce |
| tropism | ways that plants change their direction of growth in response to the environment |
| growth hormone | a kind of chemical that affects plant growth. Plants make their own growth hormones |
| chloroplast | a part of a plant cell that contains chlorophyll. This is where the process of photosynthesis occurs |
| taproot | a large root that grows straight down. |
| pistil | the female part of the flower - often shaped like a bottle. The pollen will be put here and will grow down to fertilize an egg cell. |
| pollen | a grainy yellow powder made in a tissue at the top of the stamen of a flower. |
| stamen | the male part of the flower that makes the pollen. The pollen has to be moved to the pistol by wind, insects, or animals. |
| monocot | has 1 cotyledon, parallel veins, petals in multiples of 3, fibrous root system |
| dicot | has 2 cotyledons, broad, flat leaves with branching veins, petals in multiples of 4 or 5, taproot system |
| endosperm | food-rich tissue that nourishes a seedling as it grows |
| seed coat | the outer covering of a seed that protects the embryo and its food from drying out. |
| germinate | when a seed sprouts after being planted in the soil |
| conditions | for a plant to grow they need water and sunlight |
| phototropism | the response of a plant to changes in light |
| asexual reproduction | plants that come from one parent all have the same DNA as the parent |
| sexual reproduction | plants that reproduce with seeds have two parents |
| roots | absorbs water and minerals from the ground; anchors plant in ground. |
| runners | above-ground stems from which new plants can grow. |
| stems | transport substances between roots and leaves. |
| leaves | photosynthetic organs that contain bundles of vascular tissue. |
| vessel tissue | specialized tissue that transport water and nutrients to plant |
| leaf openings | at the bottom of a leaf let air in and out |
| epidermis tissue | is like our skin, it is on the outside and protects the leaf |
| budding | process when a plant makes a bud, or undeveloped shoot in early spring |
