| A | B |
|---|
| Isthmus | narrow piece of land connecting two large landmasses |
| Plateau | flat landmass higher than the surroundin land, with atleast one steep side called a cliff |
| Archipelago | a group or chain of islands |
| Continental Shelf | shallow ocean area near the coast of a continent |
| Groundwater | Water that lies beneath the surface of the earth, supplied mainly by rain filtering through the soil |
| water cycle | regualr movement of water from ocean to air to ground and back to the ocean |
| evaporation | the changing of liquid water into water vapor, a gas |
| Atmosphere | the air that surrounds the earth |
| Hydrosphere | tbe watery area of the earth including oceans lakes rivers and other bodies of water |
| lithosphere | surface land areas of the earths crust ( about 30 %) including continents and ocean basins |
| biosphere | the part of the earth where like people plant and animals exist |
| Mantle | thick middle layer of the earths interior structure consisting of dense hot rock made of silicon oxygen aluminim iron and magnesium |
| Fold | a bend in layers of rock, sometimes caused by a plate movement |
| fault | a crack or beak in the earths crusts, usually cuased by intense folding |
| weathering | chemical or physical processes sucha as freezing that break down rocks |
| erosion | wearing away of the earths surface by wind flowing water or glaciers |
| glacier | large bodies of ice that move across the surface of the earth |
| Natural resource | element or substance from the easrth that is not made by people but can be used by them sucha as minerals |
| Renewable resource | resource that can be grown by people or renewed naturally like trees |
| Nonrenewable resource | resource that cannot be replaced by natural growth or human action, such as most minerals |
| Imports | resources or goods brought into one country from another |
| Exports | resources or goods sent from one country to another |
| Geography | the study of the earth and of the ways people live and work on it |
| Absolute location | its exact positon on the globe |
| hemisphere | two halves of the earth |
| latitude | imaginary lines that circle the earth parallel to the equator and measure the distance north or south of the equator in degress |
| longitude | imaginary ;oles that run from pole to pole measure distanceseast or west of the starting line which is 0 degress longitude called the prime meridian |
| Grid system | the lines of latitude and longitude cross one another forming a pattern which make it possible to find exact places on the earths surface |
| relative location | a place is in relation to other places |
| Interdependent | relying on eachothers goods, services, and ideas near and far. |
| culture | the way of life |
| key | explains the symbols used on a map |
| compass rose | direction marker which shows the cadinal directions |
| scale | a certain measurement on a map represnets a certain measurement on the earths surface |
| general purpose maps | maps that show a wide range of general information about an area |
| Topography | physical feature of the earths surface |
| relief | differences in elevation |
| contour lines | connect all points o f land of equal elevation |
| special purpose maps | maps that emphasize a single idea about an area |
| great circle | the shortest possible distance between any two places on the earths surface |
| map projection | a way of representing the rounded earth on a flat surface |
| graph | convinent ways of presenting information visually |
| Chart | tables are useful tools that show facts arranged in columns and rows. The resent info in an organized way, providing easy access to data and making comparisons |
| diagram | a drawing that shows what something is or how something is done |
