| A | B |
|---|
| earthquake | The shaking that results from the movement of rock beneath Earth's surface. |
| stress | A force that acts on rock to change its shape or volume. |
| shearing | Stress that pushes a mass of rock in opposite directions. |
| tension | Stress that stretches rock so that it becomes thinner in the middle. |
| compression | Stress that squeezes rock until it folds or breaks. |
| deformation | A change in the bolume or shape of Earth's crust. |
| fault | A break or crack in Earth's lithosphere along which the rocks move. |
| fault-block mountain | A mountain that forms where a normal fault uplifts a block of rock. |
| fold | A bend in rock that forms where part of Earth's crust is compressed. |
| anticline | An upward fold in rock (like an arch) |
| syncline | A downward fold in rock (bowl-shaped) |
| plateau | A landform that has a more or less level surface and is elevated high above sea level. |
| focus | The point beneath Earth's surface where rock breaks under stress and causes an earthquake. |
| epicenter | The point on Earth's surface directly above an earthquakes's focus. |
| seismic waves | A vibration that travels through Earth carrying the energy released during an earthquake. |
| p-waves | compresses and expands the ground and are the first to arrive |
| s-waves | moves the ground up and down or side to side and are the second to arrive |
| surface waves | waves that form when P and S waves reach Earth's surface - the most destructive |
| seismograph | A device that records ground movements caused by seismic waves as they move through Earth. |
| magnitude | The measurement of an earthquake's strength based on seismic waves and movement along faults. |
