| A | B |
|---|
| taxonomy | discipline of classifying organismsm and assigning each organism a universally accepted name |
| binomial nomenclature | classification system in which each species is assigned a two-part scientific name |
| genus | group of closely realated species; and the first part of the scientific name in binomial momenclature |
| taxon | group or level or organization into which organisms are classifies |
| family | group of genera that share many characteristics |
| order | group of similar families |
| class | group of similar orders |
| phylum | group of closely related classes |
| kingdom | large taxonomic group, consisting of closely related phyla |
| phylogeny | the study of evolutionary relationships among organisms |
| evolutionary classification | method of grouping organisms together according to their evolutionary history |
| derived character | characteristic that appears in recentn parts of a lineage, but not in its older members |
| cladogram | diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships among a group of organisms |
| molecular clock | model that uses DNA comparisons to estimate the length of time that two species have been evolving independently |
| domain | most inclusive taxonomic category;larger than a kingdom |
| bacteria | domian of unicellular prokaryotes that have cell walls containing peptidoglycans |
| eubacteria | kingdom of unicellular prokaryotes whose cell walls are made up of peptidoglycan |
| archea | domain of unicellular prokaryotes that have cell walls that do not contain peptidoglycan |
| archeabacteria | kingon of unicellula prokaryotes whose cell walls do not contain peptidoglycan |
| eukarya | domain of all organismsm whose cells have nuclei, including protists, plants, fungi, and animals |
| protista | kingdom composed of eukaryotes that are not classified as plants, animals, or fungi |
| fungi | kingdom composed of heterotrophs; many obtain energy and nutrients from dead organic matter |
| plantea | multicellular photosynthetic autotrophs that have cell walls containing cellulose |
| animalia | kingdom of multicellular eukaryotic heterotrophs whose cells do not have cell walls |
