| A | B | 
| advancing | moving forward | 
| beloved | much loved | 
| billowy | rising in a great wave | 
| brutal | violent and ugly | 
| caldera | a crater formed by a collapsed volcano | 
| century | one hundred years | 
| cinders | charred bits of rock; ashes | 
| claimed | delclared with force | 
| collasped | fallen inward suddenly | 
| composite | made up of different substances or parts | 
| crater | a bowl-shaped depression | 
| crust | the solid outer layer of earth | 
| erruption | a volcanic explosion or large flow of lava | 
| extinct | no longer active; extinguished | 
| lava | hot melted rock that flows from a volcano | 
| magma | hot melted rock underneath the earth's surface | 
| molten | made liquid by heat | 
| Norse | having to do with the ancient Scandinavians | 
| summit | the top of a mountain | 
| transformed | changed | 
| weathered | changed becauseof being exposed to the weather |