| A | B |
|---|
| Middle Ages | Age of Faith |
| Crusades were in response to: | 1) Renewed economic & political strength and growth in W. Europe, 2) push back against Muslim expansiion that began not long after end of Roman Empire |
| Crusades Motivating factors | 1) Reaction to Pope URban II call to regain holy land in response to call for help from Byzantine Emperor, 2) King & Church encourage knights & nobles to go on crusade (to end fighting by knights on English land), 3) Younger sons go on crusades to gain lands of own, 4) merchants support crusades to make money by supplying / moving knights |
| Call for help with crusades gave these benefits | Told if you die on Crusade you go to heaven, if you go on crusade your sins up to this point are forgiven. |
| 1st Crusade results | Mos successful, regains Holy Land and establishes 4 Crusading states in Meddle East. Marked by slaughter of Jews and Muslims nad some eastern Christians in Jerusalem, intolerance at first. |
| 3rd Crusade results | Reaction to recapture of Jerusalem by Muslims under Command of Saladin. Led by Richard the Lion Hearted, Philip Augustus of France and Frederick I (Barbarossa) the HRE. Does not recapture Jerusalem but gains pilgrimage rights for Christians. |
| 4th Crusade results | Ends of attacking Byzantine Empire instead of HOly Land and weakens this Empire |
| Children's Crusade results | Crusade led by children who believe their innocence will gain God's suport and free Hholy Land. Mos children die or sold into slavery by Italian merchants. |
| Reconquista results | Efforts by Spanish knights/ nobles to regain control over Spain from Muslims (Moors). Finally succeeds in 1492. |
