| A | B |
|---|
| nutrition | all the processes in which an animal takes in and uses food |
| mouth | first structure in the digestive system |
| teeth | grasps, holds, crushes food |
| pharynx | opening to the gills |
| esophagus | passage from mouth to stomach |
| stomach | secretes hydrocloric acid for digestion, holds food |
| pylorus | opening between stomach and intestines, used in digestion |
| intestine | secretes enzymes for digestion |
| gall bladder | stores and releases bile |
| liver | produces bile, removes some waste from blood |
| predator | hunt and eat prey |
| grazer | graze on the bottom of the water for either plants or small animals |
| strainers | strain water over the gill rakers |
| suckers | suck mud and filter it |
| parasites | attach themselves in or to another animal |
| carnivores | eat animal materials |
| omnivores | eat plant and animal materials |
| herbivores | eat plant materials |
| senses | sight, taste, touch, smell |
| carbohydrates | give fish energy, sugars |
| fats | give fish energy, saturated and unsaturated |
| proteins | give fish energy, build and repair muscle |
| amino acids | make up proteins |
| vitamins | organic compounds |
| minerals | inorganic compounds |
| water-soluble vitamins | C and B-complex |
| fat-soluble vitamins | A, D, E, K |
| vitamin A | eyesight, growth, reproduction, resistance to disease |
| vitamin D | helps body with calcium |
| vitamin E | works with selenium for immune system, normal reproduction and muscle development |
| vitamin K | normal blood-clotting |
| vitamin C | bone and teeth development, immune system |
| vitamin B-complex | chemical reactions, digestion, and normal body function |
| microminerals | minerals needed in small amounts |
| macrominerals | minerals needed in large amounts |
| water | additive in feed, makes food more appealing for some, but spoilage may occur |
| fiber | cellulose, hemicullose, lignin, adds bulk, but increases fecal material |
| hormones | added to feed to increase spawning and sex reversal |
| antibiotics | added to feed, only two used for fish, not fed at subtherapeutic levels |
| antioxidants | used in feed to prevent oxidation of fats and vitamins |
| pigments | added to feed to add color: carotenoids |
| pellet binders | improve stability in water, firmness |
| feeding stimulants | increase palatability in feeds |
| antinutrients | Substances that occur naturally in plants or animal feedstuffs that adversely affect the performance of the animal |
| toxin | affect the performance of the animal and almost always cause death |
