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ES Ch 13 Vocab

Glencoe Earth Science

AB
Age, in years, of a rock or other object; can be determined by using properties of the atoms that make up materialsAbsolute age
Thin film of carbon residue preserved as a fossilCarbon film
A type of body fossil that forms when crystals fill a mold or sediments wash into a mold and harden into rockCast
The remains, imprints,or traces of prehistoric organisms that can tell when and where organisms once lived and how they livedFossils
Time it takes for half the atoms of an isotope to decayHalf-life
Remains of species that existed on Earth for a relatively short period of time, were abundant and widespread geographically, and can be used by geologists to assign the ages of rock layersIndex fossil
A type of body fossil that forms in rock when an organism with hard parts is buried, decays or dissolves, and leaves a cavity in the rockMold
Fossils in which the spaces inside are filled with minerals from groundwaterPermineralized remains
States that in undisturbed rock layers, the oldest rocks are on the bottom and the rocks become progressively younger toward the topPrinciple of Superposition
Process in which some isotopes break down into other isotopes and particlesRadioactive decay
Process used to calculate the absolute age of rock by measuring the ratio of parent isotope to daughter product in a mineral and knowing the half-life of the parentRadiometric dating
The age of something compared with other thingsRelative age
Gap in the rock layer that is due to erosion or periods without any depositionUnconformity
Principle stating that Earth processes occurring today are similar to those that occurred in the pastUniformitarianism


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