| A | B |
|---|
| ethnic cleansing | The removal of people of a specific ethnic group by means of genocide, terror, or forced expulsion. |
| ethnic group | A group of people that shares distinctive cultural traits |
| European Community/European Union | Economic union between countries in Europe for mutual gain. Originally formed in 1951 as the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC), it later became the European Community in 1967, then the European Union in 1991. |
| evolution | The gradual change or development of something. |
| excommunicate | To exclude a Christian from receiving the Sacraments. |
| factory | A central location where goods are manufactured on a large scale. |
| fascism | A system of government that promotes extreme nationalism, repression, anticommunism, and is ruled by a dictator. |
| fertilizers | A substance spread onto soil to increase its ability to support crops. Fertilizers include organic materials, such as manure, but can also be man made chemicals such as nitrates. |
| Feudalism | A social, political, and economic system that dominated all aspects of medieval European life. |
| foreign policy | A nation’s actions regarding how they treat other nations. |
| fraternity | A group or society formed by people who share common interests. |
| French Indochina | Area of southeast Asia controlled by France during Imperialism. Includes Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam. |
| French Revolution | Political revolution in France starting in 1789 that brought about many changes in France. The revolution ultimately ended with a dictatorship under Napoleon Bonaparte before his defeat by the combined powers of Europe. |
| fundamental | Affecting the underlying principles or structure of something. |
| Galilei, Galileo | (1564-1642) Italian astronomer. One of the founders of Europe's scientific revolution, one of his main contributions is the application of the telescope to astronomy. He was able to prove Copernicus’ heliocentric model correct. |
| Gandhi, Mohandas | (1869-1948) Nationalist leader in India, who called for a non violent revolution to gain his country’s freedom from the British Empire. |
| Garibaldi, Guiseppe | (1807-1882?) Military leader whose Red Shirt army liberated most of southern Italy, before conquering the northern section. He was instrumental in the unification of Italy. |
| Glorious Revolution | Political revolution in Great Britain in 1688 that put William and Mary on the throne, while limiting the power of the monarchy and making Parliament supreme. This event marks the beginning of a constitutional monarchy in England. |
| government | a person or body of people who have the power to make and enforce laws for a country or area. |
| Great Depression | (1929-1939) The dramatic decline in the world’s economy due to the United State’s stock market crash of 1929, the overproduction of goods from World War I, and decline in the need for raw materials from non industrialized nations. Results in millions of people losing their jobs as banks and businesses closed around the world. Many people were reduced to homelessness, and had to rely on government sponsored soup kitchens to eat. World trade also declined as many countries imposed protective tariffs in an attempt to restore their economies. |
