| A | B |
|---|
| cervical spine | C1-C7 |
| Thoracic spine | T1-T12 |
| Lumbar Spine | L1-L5 |
| Sacrococcygeal spine | S1-5 and Co1 |
| primary spinal curves | thoracic and sacrococcygeal |
| secondary spinal curves | cervical and lumbar |
| Disc joint structural classification | cartilaginous, symphysis |
| disc joint functional classification | amphiarthrotic |
| The 3 parts of disc joint | annulus fibrosis, nucleus pulposa and vertebral endplate |
| nuchal ligament | limits flexion of spinal joints and provides attachment site for neck muscles |
| Extensor muscles of spine and neck | erector spinae, transversospinalis, levator scap, splenius cap, and upper trap |
| flexor muscles of spine and neck | adbominals, scalenes and SCM |
| atlanto-occipital joint (AOJ) | located between atlas and occiput |
| atlantoaxial joint | located between C1-C2 |
| joint structure of Atlantoaxial joint | synovial/ pivot |
| Joint structure of AOJ | Synovial/condyloid |
