| A | B |
|---|
| 38th Parallel | Line of latitude which divided North and South Korea. |
| Afrikaners | Dutch descended colonist living in South Africa. Also called Boers. |
| Age of Reason | Term given to describe the Enlightenment. |
| Age of Transition | Term given to describe the Renaissance. |
| Amin, Idi | (1925?- ) President of Uganda from 1971 to 1979. His brutal regime resulted in the death of hundreds of thousands of people, as well as the near total ruin of Uganda. He was overthrown and exiled to Saudi Arabia in 1979. |
| anti-Semitism | The hatred of people of Jewish descent. |
| appeasement | appeasement |
| armistice | A truce during wartime. |
| Batista, Fulgencio | (1901-1973) Cuban president from 1940 to 1944 and 1952 to 1959. He was responsible for some reforms in the country before leaving office for the first time. Later, he overthrew the legitimate government and ruled as a dictator until he was forced from office by Fidel Castro. |
| Battle of Britain | The massive air war against Great Britain by the Nazi war machine in Germany. Nearly nightly bombings occurred between summer of 1940 and summer of 1941 before German withdrew. Great Britain fought alone during this year and never gave up. |
| Bay of Pigs | An unsuccessful invasion of Cuba in 1961, which was sponsored by the United States. Its purpose was to overthrow Cuban dictator Fidel Castro. |
| Berlin Airlift | A re-supply operation to the city of Berlin that lasted 11 months during 1948-49 when the Soviet Union attempted to close off the city. |
| Berlin Wall | A wall built in 1961 dividing Soviet controlled East Berlin from the democratic West Berlin. It was destroyed when communism ended in 1990. |
| Black Hand | Serbian nationalist/terrorist group responsible for the assassination of Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand which resulted in the start of World War I. |
| blitzkrieg | German word meaning lightning war. It was a German army tactic during World War II which called for quick moving, hard hitting drives into enemy territory. |
| Bonaparte, Napoleon | (1769-1821) Emperor of the French. Responsible for many French Revolution reforms as well as conquering most of Europe. He was defeated at Waterloo, and died several years later on the island of Saint Helena. |
| Brezhnev, Leonid | (1906-1982) Leader of the Soviet Union from 1964 to 1982. During his control of the Soviet Union, relations with the West, as well as the Soviet economy, experienced a long period of stagnation. |
| Calvin, John | (1509-1564) Theologian and church reformer who developed a form of Protestantism during the Reformation. His church is known for the idea of predestination, which states certain people are predestined for heaven. |
| Chamberlain, Neville | (1869-1940) Prime Minister of Great Britain from 1937 to 1940. He is responsible for the policy of appeasement with Adolf Hitler’s Nazi Germany. |
| Christianity | Currently the most popular religion in the world based on the number of worshippers found throughout the world. While this monotheistic religion developed from Judaism, there are several key differences in its teachings. Christianity was founded by Jesus Christ in the 1st century CE. The Christian holy book is called the Holy Bible. |
