| A | B |
|---|
| chemical reaction | process where chemicals change, atoms are rearanged and chemical bonds are broken and formed |
| carbohydrates | used for structure and energy storage, made up of sugars |
| lipids | make up the membranes surrounding the cell and organelles, made of fatty acids and glycerol |
| proteins | made up of amino acids, carry most of the chemical activity in cells |
| nucleic acids | store and translate the genetic information cells need, made up of nucleotides |
| chemical energy | energy stored in bonds between atoms of molecules |
| glucose | sugar molecule that is a major energy source for most cells, produced by photosynthesis |
| photosynthesis | process that plant cells use to change the energy from sunlight to chemical energy |
| cholophyll | light-absorbing pigment (colored substance) that traps the sunlight |
| cellular respiration | cells use oxygen to release energy stored in sugars, such as gluclose; provides most of the energy used by cells in the body |
| fermentation | process where cells release energy without oxygen |
| diffusion | process where molecules spread out, moving from areas where there are many of them to areas with fewer of them |
| passive transport | process where materials move without the cells energy |
| osmosis | diffusion of water through a membrane |
| active transport | process of using energy to move materials through a membrane |
