| A | B |
|---|
| encounter | a meeting |
| empire | a collection of lands ruled by the nation that conquered them |
| monarch | kings and queens |
| Renaissance | french word for "rebirth" |
| compass | an instrument for finding direction |
| city-state | a city and the surrounding area |
| profit | money left after all expenses have been paid |
| navigation | controlling the course of a ship |
| cartographers | mapmakers |
| astrolabe | instrument used to calculate the positions of the sun, moon, and stars |
| caravel | a ship that used square or triangular sails to travel long distances quickly |
| expedition | journey of exploration |
| cause | an event or action that makes something else happen |
| effect | what happens as a result of an event or action |
