| A | B |
|---|
| 14th amendment | Citizenship, state due procss, applies Bill of RIghts to the states, revision to appointment of presresentative denises public office to anyone who has rebelled against the US |
| 1st amendment | freedom of religion,of speech, of the press, to petition and to assemble |
| naturalization | legal process by which a person is granted citizenship |
| resident alien | a person from a foreign nation who has established permanent residence in the US |
| jus soli | Law of the soil the principle that grants citizenship tp nmearly all people born in a country |
| jus sanguinis | law of blood the principle that grants citizenship based on the basis of the citizenship of ones parents |
| expatriation | giving up ones citizenship by leaving to live in a foreign country |
| double jeopardy | REtrail of a person who was acquitted in a previous trial for the same crime |
| 4th amendment | interdiction of unreasonalbel searches and seizures |
| miranda rights | during questioning Miranda was not told that he had the right to remain silent or have a lawyer because of this his conviction was overturned |
| stare decisis | "let the decision stand" |
| precedent | model |
| Brown v Board of Education | "separate but equal" justice warren declared that separate was unequal and that it violated the equal protection clause of the 14th amendment |
| plessy v fersuson | Court ruled that african american to "have equal but separate accomoiadtions |
| marbury v madison | he court can review acts of COngress. THis is the power of juducial review established under CHief Justice John MArshall |
| dred scott v sandford | 1857 decision supported state rights on the issue of slavery but damaged the Court in the eyes of the nation |
| schenck v. US clear and present danger | THe first amendment does not protect speech taht clearly presents an immdeaite danger. Schench was convicted for printing and distributing leaflets that irged soldiers to obstruct the war effor diring WWI |
| the lemon test | a 3 part test to decide whether aid violates the establsihment clasue |
| swing vote | the deciding vote |
| voting block | a coalition that promotes a common interest |
