| A | B |
|---|
| alien | a person who lives in a country where he or she is not a citizen |
| resident alien | a person from a foreign nation who has established permanent residence in the US |
| non resident alien | a person from a foreign country who expects to stay in the United States for a short time |
| enemy alien | a citizen of a nation with whcih the US is at war with |
| illegal alien | a person without legal permission to be in a country |
| amnesty | a group pardon to individuals for an offense against the government |
| private law | a law that applies to a particular person |
| naturialization | legal process by which a person is granted citizenship |
| jus soli | latin term "; Law of the Soil" the principle that grants citizenship to nearly all people born in a country |
| jus sanguinis | latin phrase meaning "law of blood" the principle that grants citizenship on the basis of the citizenship of ones parents |
| collective naturalization | a process by which a group of people become US citizens through an act of COngress |
| exparation | giving up ones citizenship by leaving to live in a foreign country |
| denaturalization | loss of citizenshio through fraud or deception during the naturaloztion process |
| exclusionary rule | a law stating that any illegally obtained evidence cannot be used in federal court |
| counsel | an attorney |
| self incrimination | testifying against oneself |
| double jeopardy | retrial of a person who was a aquitted in a previous trial for the same crime |
| rational basis test | used by a court to determine whether a state law is resonabley realted to an acceptavle goal of the government |
| suspect classification | a classification made on the basis of race or national origin that is subject to strict judicial scrutiny |
| fundamental right | a basic right of the American systedm or one that is indispensable ina just system |
| discrimination | unfair treatment of individuals bases soley on their race, gender, ethnic group , age physicial disability |
| Jim Crow Law | law requiring racial segreagation in such places as schools, buses, and hotels |
| separate but equal doctrine | a policy which held that id facilities for different races were equal. they could be separate |
| civil rights movement | the efforts to end segregation |
| affirmative action | governemnt policies that award jobs,government contracts, promotions, admissions to schools and other benefits |
| security classification system | the provision that information on government activites related to national security and foreign policy may be kept secret |
| transcript | a summary record |
